Atomic Structure Review

Whose series of experiments identified the nucleus of the atom?

• Rutherford

• Dalton

• Chadwick

• Bohr

An experiment in which alpha particles were used to bombard thin sheets of gold foil led to the conclusion that an atom is composed mostly of

• empty space and has a small, negatively charged nucleus

• empty space and has a small, positively charged nucleus

• a large, dense, positively charged nucleus

• a large, dense, negatively charged nucleus

A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a(n)

• nuclide

• neutron

• proton

• electron

Which part of an atom has a mass approximately equal to 1/2000 of the mass of a proton or a neutron?

• nucleus

• alpha

• electron

• epsilon

A student constructs a model for comparing the masses of subatomic particles. The student selects a small, metal sphere with a mass of gram to represent an electron. A sphere with which mass would be most appropriate to represent a proton?

• 1 g

• 2000 g

Which statement concerning elements is true?

• Different elements must have different numbers of isotopes.

• Different elements must have different numbers of neutrons.

• All atoms of a given element must have the same mass number.

•  All atoms of a given element must have the same atomic number.

Which is the best definition for an element's or ion's atomic number?

• Number of protons in nucleus

• Number of electron shells

• Number of electrons in atom

• Number of protons and neutrons in nucleus

According to Rutherford’s model of the atom, electrons behave like

• waves on a vibrating string.

• light energy in a vacuum.

• planets orbiting the sun.

• planets rotating on their axes.

Two different isotopes of an element have different

• numbers of neutrons.

• atomic numbers.

• numbers of protons.

• numbers of electrons.

As the mass number of an element’s isotopes of an element increases, the number of protons

• decreases.

• increases.

• remains the same.

• doubles each time the mass number increases.