Chapter 7 Review

Being able to recognize differences is adaptive. For instance, after a bird has eaten a poisonous butterfly, it will avoid preying on similar butterflies, thus demonstrating:

• generalization

• discrimination

• spontaneous recovery

• acquisition

One way we learn is by ______, which is when the mind naturally connects events that occur in sequence. We also tend to find such learned connections rewarding.

• observation

• association

• modeling

• averting

Long after his conditioned fear of dogs had been extinguished, Brad experienced an unexpected surge of nervousness when he first met his cousin's new dachshund. His unexpected nervousness BEST illustrates:

• latent learning

• spontaneous recovery

• delayed reinforcement

• shaping

_____ include voluntary behaviors that produce rewarding or punishing consequences.

• Respondent behaviors

• Prosocial behaviors

• Operant behaviors

• Conditioned responses

_____ involves a learned association between two stimuli.

• Shaping

• Negative reinforcement

• Extrinsic motivation

• Classical conditioning

____ involves a learned association between a behavior and its consequences.

• Operant conditioning

• Latent learning

• Classical conditioning

• Respondent behavior

Kendra learned how to make three-point basketball shots by successfully making short shots before shooting from increasingly longer distances from the hoop. This learning strategy BEST illustrates the process of:

• observational learning

• delayed reinforcement

• classical conditioning

• shaping

Smiling when other people around us smile is related to:

• positive reinforcement

• prosocial behaviors

• vicarious reinforcement

• mirror neurons

Carl is watching his father shave and then imitates the behavior with his own toy shaving kit. Carl is demonstrating:

• observational learning

• the effect of mirror neurons

• classical conditioning

• associative learning

Whose research has been used to restraing televised violence?

• Albert Bandura

• B.F. Skinner

• Allan Wagner

• John Watson