Ch. 4.3, 5.1-5.3

Who founded the Muslim faith and the Muslim Empire?

• Abu Bakr

• Muhammad

• Abraham

• Genghis Kahn

What was the caliphate?

• the system of religious schools where the Koran was studied

• the Muslim army that eventually spread Islam across three continents

• the pilgrimage to Makkah which became a pillar of the Muslim faith

• the Muslim state, which combined political and religious authority

what is a caliph?

• Christian campaigns to retake the holy lands from Muslims

• a deadly bacteria responsible for the Black Death of the 1300s; transmitted by fleas living on infected rats

• a spiritual and political leader of the Muslims

• Mongol tribal leader

which of the following is NOT an achievement of the Islamic empire?

• key technology in irrigation and navigation

• the art of calligraphy

• introducing the concept of zero into western mathematics.

• direct democracy

In England, Magna Carta contributed to ideas about

• individual rights and liberties.

• loyalty to the king.

• the power of the peasants.

• the role of religion in society.

The name "Magna Carta" means

• first constitution.

• document of rights.

• solemn agreement.

• great charter.

Political changes in England, the bubonic plague, and the Hundred Years' War

• strengthened the role of feudal lords in society.

• made the importance of individuals decline dramatically.

• contributed to the decline of the feudal system.

• led to rapid increases in the population of Europe.

What important legal reform did Henry II enact?

• He gave the monarch the right to jail or execute someone for no legal reason.

• He insisted that people accused of crimes had to be formally charged and stand trial at court.

• He separated the powers of government from the powers of the church.

• He signed Magna Carta, which protected some of the rights of the nobles.

Why was Magna Carta significant?

• It gave the monarch unlimited power to tax the nobility.

• It restricted the power of the Church over the government.

• It affirmed that monarchs should rule with the advice of the governed.

• It guaranteed the freedom of serfs to live and work where they chose.

The principle of habeas corpus means that an accused person

• cannot be jailed indefinitely without being charged with a crime.

• cannot be tried in secret; he must be tried in an open court.

• must be convicted three times before being put to death.

• must be represented by a lawyer paid for by the court if he cannot afford one.