DNA Gene Expression and Regulation

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

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What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?

• the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
• the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
• the color of the nitrogen bases
• the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases

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What is the correct order to make a protein?

• Protein, DNA, RNA

• RNA, DNA, Protein

• DNA, RNA, Protein

• Protein, RNA, DNA

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Why must transcription occur where DNA can be found?

• because DNA can't leave

• because ribosomes are in the nucleus

• because DNA polymerase is found there

• because helicase unzips the DNA

What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that codes for a protein?

• Glucose
• Chromosome
• Gene
• Phosphate

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In order for a gene to be expressed, ___ must bind to the gene's ___, a specific sequence of nucleotides at one end of the gene, thus initiating transcription.

• DNA polymerase, promotor

• DNA polymerase, operator

• RNA polymerase, promotor

• RNA polymerase, operator

True or False: All of your body cells contain the same genes.

• True

• False

Most gene regulation happens at which step along the way?

• translation
• transcription
• signal transduction
• DNA replication

What is the name of the stretch of DNA where RNA polymerase binds?

• operator

• promoter

• enhancer

• regulatory gene

Scientists have concluded that gene expression is responsible for the differentiation of the cells of a multicellular organism. Which two observations together most strongly support this conclusion?

• All cells produce the enzymes needed for energy metabolism

• The DNA in each body cell of an organism is essentially identical

• Gene expression can be regulated by a wide variety of mechanisms

• Enzymes needed for digestion are made only be cell lining the digestive tract

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