Gr8 Unit 1 Earth Science - Quiz 1

1. In the early 1900s, Alfred Wegener claimed that the reason the continents look like they could fit together like a puzzle was that in Earth’s distant past, South America was touching Africa and there was no ocean between them. What evidence did he use to support his claim? Select all that apply.

• Scientists found fossils of the same freshwater reptile in both Africa and South America. The reptile would not be able to cross the Atlantic ocean.

• Scientists who analyzed the rock sequences of the coastlines of eastern South America and western Africa found that the rock layers were the same on both coastlines.

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2. Based on the diagram, which letter indicates a place where new plate material is forming?

• At point A, the boundary of the continent and ocean basin.

• At point B, in the middle of the ocean basin.

• At point C, the boundary where two plates are meeting.

• No new plate material is forming anywhere shown in the diagram.No new plate material is forming anywhere shown in the diagram.

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3. In class we designed models of the Earth and its plates. Which features of plates should be represented on your model? Select all that apply.

• Plates are of different shapes and sizes.

• Plates are pretty much the same thing as continents.

• Plates cover the entire surface with no significant gaps.

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4.  How do the age of the ocean floor and the presence of mid-ocean ridges support the theory of ocean-floor spreading. Select all that apply.

• When mountains grow up through the ocean crust, it breaks the crust in two pieces and the pieces of the crust are pushed aside as the mountain gets larger.

• Where the ocean floor is spreading apart, lava flows through the cracks and forms a new ocean crust. Over time this forms mid-ocean ridges.

• The rocks closest to the mid-ocean ridge were younger than the rocks farther away. As the ocean crust pulls apart it pulls the older rock with it.

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5. Knowing that earthquake and volcanic activity help us to see where the edges of plates are located, what can we conclude about plates based on the patterns we have seen so far? 

• There are many plates of different shapes and sizes that make up the Earth’s surface.

• The plates are defined by the continents. The continent boundaries are the plate boundaries.

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6. What can you conclude based on the patterns you observed across all of the maps you have analyzed?

• There is very little evidence of a pattern of earthquake and volcanic activity.

• Plate boundaries (dark black lines) are associated with areas of high volcanic and earthquake activity.

• Volcanoes only happen on land.

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7.  Wegener claimed that the continents were once one large landmass that he called Pangaea. Which of the following choices did Wegner give as evidence for continental drift?

• The fit of continents, rock sequence, glacial evidence.

• The size of continents.

• The depth of the ocean in certain places.

8.  What is an important reason why scientists use models?

• Models are useful to illustrate and explain a phenomenon.

• Models do not change so they can be reliable.

• Only one kind of a model can be used to explain a phenomenon.

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9. Which is a better model of the Earth, a world map or a globe?

• A world map is a better model of the Earth than a globe.

• A globe is a better model of the Earth than a world map.

• Whether a world map or a globe is better depends on how they will be used.

10.  Analyze the map to answer the

following question,

How do patterns in earthquake data compare to the patterns in volcanic data?

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