Module 18 Enlightenment and Revolution

The idea that the earth is an immovable object located at the center of the universe

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• Scientific Revolution

• Elliptical orbits

The idea that the sun stands at the center of the universe

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• Scientific Revolution

• Elliptical orbits

A new way of thinking about the natural world. Based upon careful observation and a willingness to question accepted beliefs

• Enlightenment

• Scientific Revolution

• Great Awakening

• Gnosticism

He built a telescope in 1609 and used it to study the heavens. His observations, as well as his laws of motion, clearly supported the theories of Copernicus. In 1633 he recanted of his beliefs because of the threat of torture from the Catholic Church

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Johannes Kepler

• Galileo Galilei

• Tycho Brahe

A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas

• Scientific Revolution

• Scientific method

• Deduction

• Induction

This person developed the law of universal gravitation and published his ideas in a work titled "The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" in 1687

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Johannes Kepler

• Galileo Galilei

• Isaac Newton

The belief that God was the creator of an orderly universe, like a clockmaker who had set everything in motion. This God no longer intervened directly in human affairs.

• Evangelicalism

• Agnosticism

• Deism

• Polytheism

A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power of individuals to solve problems

• Enlightenment

• Scientific Revolution

• Great Awakening

• Revolutionary ideas

The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government

• Enlightenment

• social contract

• popular sovereignty

• checks and balances

This philosopher said all people were born free and equal with three natural or human rights: life, liberty, and property. The purpose of government is to protect these rights.

• Rene Descartes

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Voltaire