EMT Chapter 26

Which of the following body systems or components is the least critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?

• An effectively pumping heart

•  An intact system of blood vessels

• Adequate blood in the vasculature

• The filtering of blood cells in the spleen

Capillaries link the arterioles and the: 

• venules

• aorta

• veins

• cells

Hypoperfusion is another name for:

• shock

• cyanosis

• hypoxemia

• cellular death

Perfusion is most accurately defined as the:

• effective transfer of oxygen from the venules across the systemic capillary membrane walls.

•  ability of the systemic arteries to constrict as needed to maintain an adequate blood pressure

•  effective removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products from the body’s cells

• circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs

Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for two to three hours?

• Brain

• Heart

• Kidneys

• Skeletal muscle

An organ or tissue might better resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:

•  body’s demand for oxygen is markedly increased

• body’s temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C)

• systolic arterial blood pressure is at least 60 mm Hg

• heart rate is maintained at more than 100 beats/min

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume

• 5%

• 10%

• 15%

• 20%

The ability of a person’s cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is most related to:

• his or her baseline blood pressure

•  the part of the body injured

• how rapidly he or she bleeds

• how fast his or her heart beats

A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh

•  250 mL

•  500 mL

• 1 L

•  2 L

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding might be:

• weakness or dizziness

• a low blood pressure

• diaphoresis and pale skin

• a heart rate over 120 beats/min