Respiration lecture 1

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

• to bring nitrogen to the body

• to remove oxygen from the body and deliver carbon dioxide

• to circulate blood throughout the body

• to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body

• to break down food and absorb nutrients

Place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them:

i) Bronchi

ii) Terminal Bronchioles

iii) Trachea

iv) Alveoli

v) Respiratory bronchioles

• i, iii, v, ii, iv

• iii, i, v, ii, iv

• i, iii, ii, v, iv

• iii, i, ii, v, iv

• ii, i, iii, v, iv

Which one of the following is NOT part of the lower respiratory system?

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Pharynx

• Bronchioles

• Trachea

In which part of the respiratory system, gaseous exchange takes place?

• Alveoli

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Larynx

• Bronchi

The lungs are enclosed in

• Pleural membrane

• Plasma membrane

• Pericardium

• Ciliated epithelium

• Peritoneum

The respiratory membrane is a combination of

• respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts

• alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes

• respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs

• atria and alveolar sacs

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of the alveoli in the lung?

• A large surface area

• Thin walls

• Limited blood supply

• Moist surface

What helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing due to surface tension?

• Surfactant

• Mucus

• Cilia

• Water

• Hemoglobin

The role of pulmonary surfactant is to

• Increases surface tension, which keeps the alveoli from collapsing after exhalation.

• Produces mucus which filters air in the alveoli.

• Decrease surface tension, which keeps the alveoli from collapsing after exhalation.

• Condition the air before it reaches the alveoli.

Ventilation (breathing) is a regular, rhythmic process which

• moves air into and out of the lungs

• releases energy from glucose within living cells

• protects the airways by clearing them of mucus

• reduces the surface tension of the lining of the lung