Transport in Humans (End of Topic 2022)

What are X, Y, and Z?

• X: artery

  Y: capillary

  Z:

• X: artery

  Y: vein

  Z: capillary

• X: vein

  Y: artery

  Z: capillary

• X: vein

  Y: capillary

  Z: artery

Which process is not a function of a white blood cell?

• antibody formation

• blood clotting

• phagocytosis

• tissue rejection

The diagram shows a section through the human heart.

What happens as blood is pumped out of the heart?

• semi-lunar valves: close

  blood passes to lungs: vessel 1

• semi-lunar valves: close

  blood passes to lungs: vessel 2

• semi-lunar valves: open

  blood passes to lungs: vessel 1

• semi-lunar valves: open

  blood passes to lungs: vessel 2

Which statement about veins is correct?

• They have thick walls with valves.

• They have thick walls without valves.

• They have thin walls with valves.

• They have thin walls without valves.

The diagram shows changes in pressure in the aorta and the left ventricle during one complete heart beat.

What causes the increase in pressure at point X?

• contraction of the left atrium

• contraction of the left ventricle

• relaxation of the left atrium

• relaxation of the left ventricle

What is a function of platelets?

• activating fibrinogen

• antibody formation

• oxygen transport

• phagocytosis

The diagram shows the right-hand side of the human heart when the ventricle is relaxed.

Which row correctly describes the position of the valves X and Y when the ventricle contracts?

• valve X: closed

  valve Y: closed

• valve X: closed

  valve Y: open

• valve X: open

  valve Y: closed

• valve X: open

  valve Y: open

Which component of the blood causes clotting?

• plasma

• platelets

• red blood cells

• white blood cells

Which valves will open when the ventricles contract?

• 1 and 2

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 3 and 4

Which valves will close when the ventricles contract?

• 1 and 2

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 3 and 4