8 A Thermal Energy

In which case would the kinetic energy of particles be increasing? 

• Metal is heated from room temperature to 200°C.

• Metal is cooled at 1,300°C.

• Metal is melted at 1,300°C.

• Metal is at room temperature, 37°C.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Water boils at 100°C and turns into steam. Which similarities or differences are there between water at 100°C and steam at 100°C? 

• The particles will have more space between them as steam, but they will be moving at the same speed in both states.

• The particles will have more space between them as a liquid, but they will be moving faster as steam.

• The particles will have more space between them as a liquid, but they will be moving at the same speed in both states.

• The particles will have more space between them and will be moving at higher speeds as steam.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

An ice cube tray full of water is put into a freezer. Which energy change occurs in the particles in the water as it undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid?

• The potential energy decreases due to the tighter arrangement of the particles.

• The potential energy increases due to the tighter arrangement of the particles.

• The potential energy decreases due to the looser arrangement of the particles.

• The potential energy increases due to the looser arrangement of the particles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

An increase in thermal energy leads to _____

• an increase in heat and an increase in kinetic energy until a phase change occurs.

• a decrease in heat and an increase in kinetic energy until a phase change occurs.

• a decrease in heat and a decrease in kinetic energy until a phase change occurs.

• an increase in heat and a decrease in kinetic energy until a phase change occurs.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student wants to collect data during an experiment about the transfer of kinetic energy in a sample of water and ice. Which tool will help her collect the necessary data?

• thermometer 

• balance 

• meter stick

• graduated cylinder 

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the data to answer the question.

Sample Temperature (°C)

1 98.2

2 46.0

3 100.6

4 31.4

A student records the temperature of several water samples as shown in the table. Other than the temperature, the water samples are the same. Which sample has the lowest kinetic energy? 

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The arrows in the pot represent _____.

• convection

• conduction 

• waves 

• radiation 

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A teacher opens a window on a cold day. Which statement explains why the room starts to feel cooler? 

• Air moves from the areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature.

• The kinetic energy of the air molecules outside is higher than the kinetic energy of the air molecules inside. 

• Cold air is moving into the room from outside.

• The density of the air is lower on the inside than on the outside.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student takes the temperature of a bottle of liquid water and a tub filled with ice. The student then places the bottle of liquid water into the tub of ice. After 15 minutes, which of the follow best describes what happens to the temperature of each?

• The temperature of the ice increases, while the temperature of the water decreases

• Both the bottle and the ice stay the same temperature

• The temperature of the ice decreases, while the temperature of the water increases

• The temperature of both the ice and water decrease.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Convection can take place in ____________.

• solids only.

• liquids only.

• liguids and gases only.

• solids, liquids and gases.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4