Unit 4 Genetics and evolution

Coat color in a dog breed is determined by incomplete dominance where three colors are produced (Brown, tan and white), and the brown coat allele (B) has incomplete dominance over the white coat allele (b). Which offspring ratio would be expected from a cross between a tan dog and a white dog?

• A. 2 BB: 2 Bb

• B. 4 Bb

• C. 1 BB: 2 Bb: 1 bb

• D. 2 Bb: 2bb

A woman develops skin cancer after prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sun tanning. Would her future children be at risk of inheriting this skin cancer?

• A. Yes, if she had a baby after developing skin cancer.

• B. Yes, this is a mutation in the DNA of her somatic cells.

• C. No, this condition does not affect the woman's gametes

• D. No, babies cannot get skin cancer because they are immune.

Which principle best explains why the gametes only each contain a single allele?

• A. Mendel's Law of Dominance states that dominant alleles must separate from recessive alleles in gamete formation.

• B. Mendel's Law of Inheritance states that only one allele is inherited from each parent and the dominant allele is inherited first.

• C. Mendel's Law of Segregation states that alleles must segregate during gamete formation in order to create haploid sex cells need for reproduction.

• D. Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that each trait is inherited separately and the resulting gametes each only contain the DNA for a single trait.

AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?

• complete dominance
• incomplete dominance
• codominance
• polygenic inheritance

Where do adaptations come from?

• The individual organism decides to adapt

• Mutations that give an organism an advantage in its environment

• Genetic recombination during meiosis

• Both mutations and genetic recombination are sources of adaptation

All rabbits of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)

• population

• species

• community

• ecosystem

A biological ____________ is a group of interbreeding populations that is reproductively isolated from other groups.

• species
• family
• phylogeny
• hybrid

______ _________ explains how two or more organisms could evolve similar traits even though they are not related to each other.

• convergent evolution
• reproductive isolation
• derived characters
• hybrid vigor

A __________ is a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.

• cladogram
• table
• derived character
• relationship tree

_________ characters have similar structure but different function indicating they developed from a common ancestor.

• homologous
• analogous
• cladistic
• phylogenic