Movement of Substances

The two gas jars shown were left for a long time to let oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules diffuse through them.

How would the molecules be arranged after a long time?

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Which of the numbered structures are partially permeable?

• 1 and 2

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 2 and 4

Which of the following occupies the region labelled X?

• Air

• Cell sap

• Sugar solution

• Water

The diagram shows the results of an experiment after 3 hours. The liquid in the glass tube rose to point X from its initial level.

In a second experiment, what change could be made to cause the liquid to rise higher than point X after 3 hours?

• A larger container with the same volume of liquid

• A smaller container with the same volume of liquid

• Change the sucrose solution in the Visking tubing to water

• Change the sucrose solution in the container to water

The process by which water enters the root hair cell is called

• active transport

• diffusion

• osmosis

• phagocytosis

Which of the following statements is true of these cells, assuming that both cells have the same thickness?

• Cell X is specially adapted for active transport, and Y for diffusion.

• Cell X has a greater surface area to volume ratio than Y.

• Cell Y is modifi ed for absorbing materials into the cell.

• Diffusion of oxygen into cell Y occurs at a higher rate than X.

Which statement is true of active transport in plants?

• It depends on the availability of energy.

• It eventually achieves equilibrium.

• It involves the random movement of molecules.

• It relies on the kinetic energy of molecules.