Ch.26- Concurrent Disorders During Pregnancy

Pregnancy can alter the course of a ______ disease, or a disease and its treatment may have unwanted effects on the pregnancy.

• concurrent

• current

• pre-existing

• mother's

Answer explanation

As a result of the mother's pre-existing disease (concurrent), the usual antepartum care must be adapted to increase surveillance of the mother and fetus.

Example: Diabetes-Type 1

Effects of Pregnancy on Fuel Metabolism:

In early pregnancy, metabolic and energy needs change _____.

Insulin releases in response to _______ blood glucose.

• little; increases

• greatly; increases

• moderately; decreases

• little; decreases

Effects of Pregnancy on Fuel Metabolism:

In late pregnancy, hormones of pregnancy create ______ resistance.

The mother may have insufficient ______ and periods of hyperglycemia.

• insulin

• glucose

Effects of Pregnancy on Fuel Metabolism:

During the _____ stage of pregnancy, the fetus continuously takes nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids from maternal blood.

This results in an earlier-than-normal switch from carb metabloism to _________, which is the formation of glycogen from non-carbohydrate sources like fat and protein.

• late;

  gluconeogensis

• early; gluconeogensis

• late; ketosis

• early; ketosis

Prexisting diabetes can cause which maternal effects?

• preecamlpsia

• UTIs

• ketoacidosis

• dystocia (large fetal size)

• decrease in immune system function

Preexisting diabetes can cause which effects on the fetus?

• congenital malformation

• variations in fetal size

• diabetes

• amniotic bands

Answer explanation

Neonatal effects (after birth):

-hypoglycemia

-hypocalcemia

-hyperbilirubinemia

-respiratory distress syndrome

Risk factors for gestational diabetes?

• overweight (BMI >25)

• mother older than 25

• gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy

• hx of abnormal glucose tolerance level

• family hx of diabetes type 2

Answer explanation

All women should be screened for gestational diabetes. This test is usually done between 24-28 weeks.

There are 2 different glucose tests. Which is used for women who are at a high risk?

• glucose challenge test

• glucose tolerance test

Answer explanation

What are some therapeutic ways to manage gestational diabetes?

• diet; seeking out help from a dietitian or diabetic educator

• exercise

• glucose level monitoring metabolism

• fetal surveillance; begins at 28 weeks

• using insulin for all women with gestational diabetes

Answer explanation