Cell Size - AP Biology

Which of the following is major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

• evolutionary progression in cell size; more primitive cells have smaller sizes.
• the need for sufficient surface area to support the cell's metabolic needs.
• limitation on the strength and integrity of the plasma membrane as cell size increases
• the difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

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What is the smallest unit of an organism that can perform life functions?

• Organ system

• Organ

• Tissue

• Cell

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The idea that all living things are composed of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells come from cells is known as the

• Theory of relativity

• Agenda Theory

• Cell Theory

• Theory of naturalization

What tool do you use to view the cells?

• metric ruler
• centrifuge
• microscope
• pipette

Because cell function is so heavily dependent on effectively transporting materials across the cell membrane, cell size is limited due to the need for a ___________ ratio of surface area to volume.

Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• they are all the same

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Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Sucrose is too large of a molecule to cross the membrane of potato and carrot cells.  Which molecule caused the change in mass?

• water
• sucrose
• salt
• glucose

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An intestinal virus infects and destroys cells lining the intestine. Normal intestinal cells have infoldings of the plasma membrane call microvilli where the cells absorb nutrients through the membrane. As cells regrow, the microvilli are short and incomplete. Affected cells are on the left. Which of the following would best describe the effect of the shorter microvilli

• it decreases the space for more Golgi bodies , which reduces production of proteins

• it decreases the number of mitochondria, which affects energy production

• shorter microvilli decrease the surface area of the membranes, which means less absorption of nurtients

• shorter microvilli reduces the amount of lipids, affecting the fluidity of the membrane

Healthy intestinal cells absorb nutrients through their membrane. Above are measurements of 4 different cells. Which of the following would provide the most efficient absorption of nutrients?

• cell 1

• cell 2

• cell 3

• cell 4

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As a cell becomes larger, its

• surface area increases faster than its volume.
• volume increases faster than its surface area