End of chapter 8-12 questions

Which is not one of the three conditions that must be met for evolution by natural selection to take place?

• Variation of phenotypic traits must exist in the population

• Differences in phenotype influence the probability of survival or reproduction

• One extreme of the phenotype leads to greater survival

• One extreme of the phenotype traits must be at least partially heritable

Which experiment would allow you to test whether coat color affects old field mouse fitness?

• Using dark and light models of old field mice to determine predation rates in forest and beach habitats

• Trapping old field mice in both forest and beach habitats

• Following old field mice with dark coats in beach habitats to determine whether they reproduced

• Conducting late night surveys in both forest and beach habitats to determine whether they could see mice with dark or light coats better in either habitat

If gene flow were eliminated between Northern and southern portions of the scarlet kingsnake’s range, what do you predict would happen to the frequency of alleles that produce a coral snake like pattern as a result of natural selection?

• The frequency of the alleles would increase in the Northern part of the range

• The frequency of the alleles would decrease in the Northern part of the range

• The frequency of the alleles would increase in the southern part of the range

• The frequency of the alleles would decrease in the Southern part of the range

The text describes the galls of flies as as examples of extended phenotypes. what are extended phenotypes?

• Phenotypes that are shared by multiple generations

• Behaviors that influence the survival of offspring

• Morphological features that affect reproductive output

• Structures constructed by organisms that can influence their performance or success

How does selective sweep for an allele variation at adjacent loci?

• Variation in flanking loci is reduced

• Flanking loci are eliminated completely

• Higher levels of recombination occur

• Selective sweeps do not affect flanking loci

Which of the following is NOT a potential agent of selection?

• Human fishing

• Genetic drift

• A flood

• A predator

What is the best course of action for a farmer who wants to slow the evolution of resistance of pest population feeding on his crops?

• Allowing some no resistant pests to survive

• Decreasing the amount of pesticide, but increasing the concentration

• Planting genetically modified crops that make their own pesticide

• Nailing a road to the barn door

The text describes a flower called Crepis Sancta that grows in the city of Marseille. What is a likely reason for city populations of this plant to produce more non dispersing seeds than plants in the countryside?

• Plants in the countryside have access to more nutrients

• City plants are more affected by pollution

• City plants with genes that make seeds drop are more likely to reproduce successfully

• City plants don’t produce more nondispersing seeds

Which of these statements about selection is false?

• During their lifetime, plants may experience many different sources of selection

• Insects often experience different types of selection as larvae then they do as adults

• Birds can experience different directions of selection in different years

• Selection in mammals always operates more strongly on survival than on reproduction

What is the most likely reason that lactose tolerance alleles selectively swept through certain human populations?

• Lactose intolerance reduced populations

• Lactose tolerance had a large effect on survival

• Drinking lots of milk caused a greater mutation rate

• It was random which populations experienced selective sweep