IB Energy flows

What term describes the position an organism occupies within a feeding sequence?

What term describes organisms that always occupy the first trophic level in a feeding sequence?

• Heterotrophs

• Producers

• Primary consumers

• Saprotrophs

What term describes an organism that feeds only on producers?

Energy stored in organic molecules (e.g. sugars and lipids) can be released by cell respiration to produce which molecule?

In respiration most of the energy released is of what type?

• Kinetic

• Heat

• Light

• Chemical

Typically energy transformations are of what percentage efficient?

• 1

• 10

• 25

• 100

What term describes the total mass of a group of organisms – consisting of the carbon compounds contained in the cells and tissues?

Biomass diminishes along food chains with the loss of water, waste products and which gas to the environment?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Sulphur dioxide

• Carbon dioxide

Losses of food and energy between stages in a food chain can occur through which of the following?

i. Some organisms die before they are eaten

ii. Some parts of organisms e.g. bone are not eaten

iii. Some parts of organisms are indigestible e.g. cellulose

• i Only

• i & ii

• ii & iii

• i, ii & iii

Most energy in a food chain is lost through which process?