Review: Evolution

According to ____, organisms can change their own traits by using or not using certain body parts.

• Natural selection

• Speciation

• Acquired characteristics

• Artificial selection

In examples of ____, human beings direct the evolutionary change of a population through selective breeding.

• Disruptive selection

• Natural selection

• Reproductive isolation

• Artificial selection

Due to ____, traits that increase an organism's likelihood of survival and reproduction will increase in a population over time.

• Artificial selection

• Natural selection

• Acquired characteristics

• Reproductive isolation

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Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to natural selection?

• There is increased competition when a population's size is less than carrying capacity.

• Traits that increase fitness become more common over time.

• Adaptations will increase an organism's fitness.

• There is variation within a species.

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Which type of selection is most likely to lead to speciation?

• Stabilizing selection

• Artificial selection

• Disruptive selection

• Stabilizing selection

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This graph shows fitness vs. phenotypic trait. Which type of selection would this graph be characteristic of?

• Disruptive

• Sexual

• Stabilizing

• Directional

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In this graph, the green line represents a population prior to selection, and the blue line shows the same population after selection. What scenario may cause this?

• When individuals at both ends of the phenotype spectrum have increased fitness

• When individuals near the middle of the phenotype spectrum have increased fitness

• When individuals with one extreme phenotype have increased fitness

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In all cases of natural selection, selection by ____ causes a change in the overall frequency of phenotypes in the population.

• Human beings

• Mutations in DNA

• The environment

• Random events

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Evolutionary change affects ____.

• Individuals

• Populations

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There are 400 individuals in a population. Within this gene pool, 200 of the alleles are recessive. What is the frequency of the recessive allele? (two decimal places)

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