8. A human baby boy inherits a recessive allele from his mother. In which circumstance would he most likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele?

C. The allele is on the X chromosome.

A. The baby inherits the dominant allele from his father.

B. The allele is on an autosomal chromosome and the baby is a twin.

D. The allele is on the Y chromosome.

11. In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white coat color (b) and short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s). Based upon the dihybrid cross shown below, what is the genotype and phenotype for letter X?

B. BbSs; black coat, short hair

1. Base your answer to the following question on the structures represented in the diagram below. What is the relationship between these three structures?

C. DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.

A. DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.

B. Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.

D. The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.

2. The individuality of an organism is determined by the

A. sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid

B. number of amino acids in a cell

C. position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

D. number of nitrogenous bases in a codon

4. A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This condition is most likely due to a change in the directions coded in the:

A. number of hydrogen atoms in starch molecules

B. sequence of inorganic molecules

C. number of carbon atoms in sugar molecules

5. Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below. Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?

C. The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria.

A. DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same.

B. Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.

D. Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes.

6. Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?

A. one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands

B. two molecules, each with one original and one new strand

C. two molecules, each with two new strands

D. two molecules, each with two old strands

7. At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?

A. before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

B. before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells

C. during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells

D. after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions

10. A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed only of the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?

B. UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine.

A. The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil.

C. Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes.

D. Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid.

11. Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?

B. the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA

A. the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

C. the movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus

D. the release of messenger RNA from DNA

14. During transcription the DNA base sequence is transcribed into a complimentary mRNA sequence. A codon table like the one shown below lists the amino acids coded for by particular triads of mRNA bases. A segment of DNA has undergone a mutation in which one nucleotide has been changed. The original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Use the codon table to determine whether or not this mutation will cause a change in the phenotype of the organism.

C. Even though the DNA sequence changed, the sequence still codes for the same amino acid, so no change in phenotype will occur.

A. yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because a new amino acid will be coded for.

B. yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because any change in the DNA sequence will cause a change in phenotype.

D. It is impossible to determine if a change in phenotype will occur using only the DNA sequence.

1. Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?

C. daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

B. replication of cellular genetic material

D. four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell

2. How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?

A. sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent

B. asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parent

C. mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction

D. asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms

4. Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?

C. uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycle

A. absence of cyclins in the DNA

B. multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA

D. presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders

5. Which of the following best describes meiosis?

B. It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of organisms.

A. It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement.

C. It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord.

D. It is the first stage of mitosis.

The diagram below shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?

D. crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged

A. mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered

B. segregation of sister chromatid

C. condensation and segregation of alleles

EOC Prep 5

Authored by Mitchell Gordon

Biology

9th - 11th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 2+ times

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36 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

1. In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?

A. 100%

B. 75%

C. 50%

D. 25%

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

2. Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Which of the following describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who does not have hemophilia and a woman whose father is a hemophiliac?

A. Each of their sons will have hemophilia.

B. None of their daughters will have hemophilia.

C. Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.

D. There is a 50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

3. Alleles for the A and B blood cell antigens are codominant. The condition where no antigens are present on the blood cells (type O blood) is a recessive trait. Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?

A. one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type A blood

B. one parent with type AB blood and the other parent with type O blood

C. one parent with heterozygous type A blood, and the other parent with type O blood

D. one parent with homozygous type A blood, and the other parent with homozygous type B blood

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

4. One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?

A. 0%

B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 100%

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

5. Hitchhiker's thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker's thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker's thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker's thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?

A. 0% Hh: 100% hh

B. 50% Hh: 50% hh

C. 75% Hh: 25% hh

D. 100% Hh: 0% hh

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

6. This diagram shows a pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?

A. XHXH

B. XHXh

C. XHY

D. XhY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

7. A pair of male Holstein (black-and-white) calves that have the same parents display many similarities but also exhibit some variations. Which process best explains these variations?

A. independent assortment

B. sex linkage

C. dominance

D. gene linkage

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EOC Prep 5

1. In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?

2. Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Which of the following describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who does not have hemophilia and a woman whose father is a hemophiliac?

3. Alleles for the A and B blood cell antigens are codominant. The condition where no antigens are present on the blood cells (type O blood) is a recessive trait. Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?

4. One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?

5. Hitchhiker's thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker's thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker's thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker's thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?

6. This diagram shows a pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?

7. A pair of male Holstein (black-and-white) calves that have the same parents display many similarities but also exhibit some variations. Which process best explains these variations?

8. A human baby boy inherits a recessive allele from his mother. In which circumstance would he most likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele?

9. This diagram shows a diploid cell with two pairs of homologous chromosomes.Due to independent assortment, what is the possible genetic make-up of gametes produced by this organism?

10. The table lists the trials for fruit color where allele R exhibits incomplete dominance over allele R'. Heterozygous fruit have orange phenotypes. What percent of offspring are expected to have an orange phenotype if the parent plants are orange (RR') and yellow (R'R')?

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