Quiz about Chemistry of Life

Question 1

Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do no quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason behind this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high heat capacity

Answer

Water is an acid

Answer

Water is a universal solvent

Answer

Water acts as a base

Question 2

Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life. Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

Accepted Answer

Water exhibits cohesive behavior

Answer

Water expands as it freezes

Answer

Water is an excellent solvent

Answer

Water is able to moderate temperature

Question 3

Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

Accepted Answer

Capillary action pulls the water molecules like a chain

Answer

Water is pushed by solutes

Answer

Water is pulled by gravity

Answer

Water's cohesion causes it to "pull" towards the leaves

Question 4

A water strider can skate along the top of a pond because:

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)

Answer

Low surface tension of water

Answer

Covalent bonds result in water cohesion

Answer

Water striders have adapted to take advantage of water cohesion

Question 5

Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water

Answer

Ice is colder than liquid water

Answer

Ice is more dense than liquid water

Answer

Ice is warmer than liquid water

Question 6

Any compound that removes H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measures more than 7 on the pH scale:

Accepted Answer

Base

Answer

Solvent

Answer

Acid

Answer

Solute

Question 7

Why does ice float?

Accepted Answer

As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.

Answer

As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.

Answer

As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have greater buoyancy (floating ability).

Answer

As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have greater buoyancy.

Question 8

Substance in a solution that dissolves the other substance and is present in the greater amount:

Accepted Answer

Solvent

Answer

Solute

Answer

Acid

Answer

Solution

Question 9

The ability of water molecules to stick together is called:

Accepted Answer

Cohesion

Answer

Adhesion

Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Solvency

Question 10

Water is polar because:

Accepted Answer

The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.

Answer

The molecule has two poles, at which it is colder than the other regions of the molecule.

Answer

The water molecule is neutral

Answer

The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.

Question 11

The bonds within a water molecule are:

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Ionic

Answer

Non-polar covalent

Question 12

Any compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measures less than 7 on the pH scale:

Accepted Answer

Acid

Answer

Base

Answer

Solvent

Answer

Solute

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Provides short term energy to the body

Answer

Provides long term energy to body

Answer

Supports the body in building structures necessary for survival

Answer

Gives the body instructions for how to build our body's structures

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a situation where the body needs more protein?

Accepted Answer

When weight lifting

Answer

When in need of energy for sprinting

Answer

When in need of energy for a marathon

Question 15

How can you tell the difference in the structure of carbohydrates and lipids?

Accepted Answer

Both have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. Lipids have ring structures and Carbohydrates have line structures

Answer

Both have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. Carbohydrates have ring structures and Lipids have line structures

Answer

Carbohydrates have more carbon than Lipids

Answer

Both have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. Lipids additionally have Nitrogen

Question 16

A scientist is analyzing different biomolecule structures. They notice an influx of Phosphorus. Which biomolecule are they looking at?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acid

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 17

Which of the following best compares the structures of lipids and carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Both consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but carbohydrates have repeating structural units and lipids do not.

Answer

Both are made up of monosaccharide monomers, but lipids are hydrophobic and carbohydrates are hydrophilic.

Answer

Both contain carbon and hydrogen, but carbohydrates also contain oxygen and lipids contain nitrogen.

Answer

Both have a carbon backbone, but lipids also have an amino group and carbohydrates have a carboxylic acid group.

Question 18

Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, which of the following do you predict would happen in the cell?

Accepted Answer

The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all.

Answer

The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction.

Answer

The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell.

Answer

The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed.

Question 19

As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of pH levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl), and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it enters the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

It becomes inactive

Answer

It begins to replicate

Answer

Its shape changes to engulf large proteins

Answer

Its activity increases to ingest more proteins

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