BIO Category 3 Review

A population of a certain kind of fish is introduced into a new habitat. These fish have variations in color from light to dark. Because of the lighting conditions and predators in this new habitat, light-colored fish survive better near the surface, and dark-colored fish survive better near the bottom. Natural selection would most likely produce which change after many generations of these fish living in this environment?

• All the fish would become more similar in color—something exactly between light-colored and dark-colored.
• None of the fish would be able to survive because the new habitat is not suited to any of them.
• There would be two populations of fish: light-colored fish near the surface and dark-colored fish near the bottom.
• The fish would become smaller over time so that they can more easily defend themselves from predators.

Below is the illustration of the bones of the forelimbs (wing or arm) of three animals. While only birds and bats have wings, the underlying skeletal structure is more similar in bats and humans.
What is the most reasonable conclusion one can draw from a comparison of these structures?

• Birds and bats are closely related to each other, while humans are unrelated to both.
• The common ancestor of birds and bats must have had wings and flown.
• Humans live in habitats very different from the habitats of both birds and bats.
• Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.

An illustration of two insects is below.
Which of the paired statements could be used to distinguish the insects, using a dichotomous key?

• six legs, eight legs
• large hind legs, small hind legs
• two pairs of spots on wing cover, three pairs of spots on wing cover
• antennae absent, antennae present

An analysis of DNA and RNA sequences can be used to classify organisms. A dendrogram/evolutionary tree, such as the one shown below, is based on molecular data. It can be used to represent evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms that are hypothesized to have descended from a common ancestor. Which statement is best supported by the information in this dendrogram/evolutionary tree? 

• Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to raccoons.
• Brown bears are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to sun bears.
• Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas.
• The bear species are all more genetically similar to dogs than they are to giant pandas.

The most likely explanation for insecticide resistant pests is that______.

• eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become resistant

• eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become less resistant

• the insecticide destroyed organisms that cause disease in the insects allowing them to live longer

• the pests developed physiological adaptations to the insecticide

What is the movement of genes into and out of a gene pool called?

• random mating

• nonrandom mating

• gene flow

• direct evolution

What factor must be in place for natural selection to occur?

• struggle for existence (overproduction)
• genetically identical individuals
• random mating
• no immigration or emigration 

The scientific name for an organism includes which taxa?

• class and family 
• genus and species 
• domain and kingdom 
• kingdom and phylum 

Which of the following organisms are LEAST closely related?

• organisms that share a domain
• organisms that share a family 
• organisms that share a genus 
• organisms that share a species 

Mosquito  belongs to what kingdom?

• Animal Kingdom
• Plant Kingdom
• Fungi Kingdom
• Protista Kingdom