APWH Unit 1

The Chinese desire to limit trade with other nations best reflects which of the following cultural beliefs?

• Confucianism

• Ethnocentrism

• Nationalism

• Selectivism

Answer explanation

The Chinese belief of their cultural superiority created a feeling that goods from other countries were not needed, nor wanted by chinese citizens.

All of the following statements regarding China from 1200-1450 are true EXCEPT

• Women's standing in society was very low, as demonstrated by footbinding

• The success of the individual was more important than the success of the community

• Chinese political systems and culutural beliefs were adopted by other nations in East Asia

• Trade routes were nearly abandoned as a result of less Chinese focus on trade.

Answer explanation

Under a Confucian system, the well-being of society was key. Creating an orderly and peaceful society was paramount, and if that meant that the individual need couldn't be met, that that was okay.

Pre-Islamic Arabian society can BEST be described as:

• Nomadic

• Urban

• Sedentary

• Cosmopolitan

Answer explanation

In Pre-Islamic Arabia, cariosu clans would consistently move to find resources needed for survival. Often times they moved to engage in trading along the coastal areas of the peninsula. The geography of the region made it too difficult to settle in once place.

All of the following are reasons for Islamic conquering success EXCEPT

• Stron organization and strategies of the Islamic armies

• The weakness of kingdoms near the caliphates made conquering easier

• Equal Treatment of all members of the empire after conquest

• The desire to convert others to the Islamic faith

Answer explanation

While it is true that the Abbasid Caliphate did promote more equal treatments among its Christian and Jewish members, these people were not considered equal with Muslims, as evidence by the Jizya tax. FOr the Umayyad Caliphate they believe that the aritistorcric Muslims were far superior to even other Muslims and Arabs, not to mention n-believers.

One way that Buddhism differed from Hinduism was

• Buddhism originated in a differnt region than Buddhism

• A belief in equality of all followers

• The belief that mulitple lifetimes were needed to accomplish its religious goal

• material possessions were important in the quest for happiness

Answer explanation

Buddhism promotes the equality of all believers in finding their way to Nirvana anyways them with the cast him did not believe in equality and members of Indian society divided into different caste with some groups such as Brahmins, much higher in social standing, than say the Shudras

One similarity between Buddhism and Hinduism was

• a social hierarchal system

• Prayer to multiple deities

• The belief in reincarnation

• The insistence in religious leaders being female

Answer explanation

both Hindus and Buddhists believe that it would take multiple lifetimes to achieve the goal of Brahman/Moksha (Hinduism) and Buddhism (Nirvana). They both believes in reincarnation

the Aztec use of Chinampas best demonstrates which of the following AP themes

• Interactions between humans and the environment

• governance

• development and transformation of social structures

• development and interaction of cultures

Answer explanation

Due to the swamp like conditions farming was very difficult in Tenochtitlan and so the Aztecs had to figure out how to work around the environment constraints in order to produce food this suggests humans alter in the environment due to constraints

One Way the Incans differed from the Aztecs was

• The Incan's use the labor tax to benefit the citizens of the empire not just the government

• the Incan did not believe in sacrifice in anyway

• The Incans promoted monotheism which the Aztecs promoted polytheism

• Travel within the Incan empire was much easier than in the Aztec empire

Answer explanation

The mita tax prompted by the Incans was used to build roads and produce foods that would go to benefit the people of the empire. Aztec taxes tended to go for the benefit of the government/aristocracy instead of the entire empire

All of the following led to Feudal government EXCEPT

• a lack of trade across Western Europe

• the collapse of centralized government system

• lack of a strong unified western army

• Invasions into Western Europe from multiple groups

Answer explanation

The lack of trade across Western Europe was actually an effect of the feudal system not a cause of it. The decentralized system did come about because leaders could not protect against the constant onslaught of invasions after the fall of the Roman empire

One of the most important roles of Christianity in Western Europe was to

• Provide a sense of hope in unity to the people

• Ensure the success of trade and economic growth in Western Europe

• provide education to all classes of people

• Promote religious tolerance to reduce the tax in Western Europe

Answer explanation

As the Roman empire fell, the system that once provided food, infrastructure, healthcare, etc. was gone. Regional Kings did not have the power to provide this to the people, so the people turn to the church percent of hope and well-being