DNA Technology Summative Review

A DNA molecule that is produced by combining DNA from different sources or organisms is called

• marker DNA.

• polymerase DNA.

• recombinant DNA.

• transcription DNA.

DNA fingerprinting would most likely be used to

• identify human age and lifespan.

• determine genetic relationships.

• diagnose different types of cancer.

• create genetically-identical species.

Which advance in biotechnology has benefited mankind by providing a DNA catalogue for further research in genetics and disease prevention?

• recombinant DNA

• DNA fingerprinting

• Human Genome Project

• cloning of Dolly the Sheep

A CSI lab is presented with the remains of a man police believe to be the infamous Jimmy Hoffa. Evidence from Hoffa’s disappearance many years ago includes some personal effects such as his comb, tooth brush, wallet, and some jewelry. The DNA found in the bone marrow of the skeleton is compared to the DNA of hairs in the comb that had been preserved over the years.

What technique enables scientists to determine if this really is the body of Jimmy Hoffa?

• DNA fingerprinting

• reverse transcription

• cloning

• transformation

Palo Verde Tree a Witness for the Prosecution! That could be the headline in a recent murder investigation. Detectives recently discovered pods from a Palo Verde tree in the truck of a suspect in an on-going murder investigation. Detectives on the scene of the crime also found similar trees with pods at the crime scene.

How did detectives nab the suspect based on the pod evidence?

• Detectives knew that Palo Verde trees grew in a limited area of the state.

• Detectives used DNA markers to match the pods from the truck to pods on the scene.

• Detectives constructed a pedigree chart of the trees in the area to determine genotypes.

• Detectives did test crosses in the lab to determine the relationship of the pods and trees.

Cold case files recently began re-investigating an old murder case. The murder took place in the park; a young man, James, was hit over the head with a brick and killed. Police suspected the jealous former boyfriend of James' wife, Karen. Whoever killed James may have washed their hands in a near-by bird bath as detectives found blood in the bird bath. Since the murder took place before DNA fingerprinting was available, the suspected killer, Ronnie, went free. Detectives are now reviewing the blood evidence using DNA fingerprinting. Based on the DNA fingerprints of all possible suspects, who is James' killer?

• Aubrey

• Babs

• Karen

• Ronnie

This comparative chart is an example of one that might be used by scientists and law enforcement personnel for identification purposes. The chart represents a technological advance called

• karyotyping.

• genetic mapping.

• recombinant DNA.

• DNA fingerprinting.

Stem cells may prove useful in the treatment of Type 1 diabetes because

• they form enzymes that remove excess glucose from the body.

• they help the body to breakdown glucose into a simpler form.

• they can be differentiated to form insulin-producing cells.

• they can be differentiated into cells that can be used to make a new liver.

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The Human Genome Project is devoted to mapping the general DNA sequence of our species. This could lead to the development of new medicines, as well as the possibility of using gene therapy to treat certain diseases. However, there are some ethical issues surrounding the mapping of individual genomes. One concern is

• that your genes may change over time, making the project useless.

• that since this has never been done before, we should probably not do it now.

• that employers may discriminate against people who have genes linked to certain illnesses.

• that sequencing our individual genomes is so expensive, it is a counter-productive strategy.

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A DNA sample taken from a crime scene is compared with a DNA sample from a suspect. During a crime scene investigation, forensic technicians collected skin samples form under the fingernails of a murder victim. Using DNA evidence, police narrowed their search down to three suspects. Comment on the evidence.

• Suspect #1 is a match to the DNA evidence found on the victim.

• Suspect #2 is a match to the DNA evidence found on the victim.

• Suspect #3 is a match to the DNA evidence found on the victim.

• The evidence is not conclusive; the DNA could be the victim's.