Newton's Laws and Motion TCAP Review

A student compares the motion of two objects, A and B, that have different accelerations.

What can be concluded about the velocity of the two objects from the graphs?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

A scientist wants to study the relationship between the mass of an object and its motion. Which

investigation would best help the scientist study this relationship?

• applying the same braking force to a car and truck that are moving at the same speed and

  measuring the time it takes them to come to a stop

• applying different braking forces to two identical cars that are moving at the same speed and

  measuring the time it takes them to come to a stop

• applying the same braking force to two identical trucks that are moving at the same speed and

  measuring the time it takes them to come to a stop

• applying a different braking force to a car and a truck that are moving at the same speed and

  measuring the time it takes them to come to a stop

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Jason and Tia traveled from school (start) to a friend's house.

When Jason and Tia reach their friend's house, what is their position in relationship to the school?

• They are 5 m east and 2 m north from the school.

• They are 4 m east and 1 m north from the school.

• They are 2 m east and 5 m north from the school.

• They are 1 m east and 4 m north from the school.

A person goes for a jog at a park. The person’s motion is shown in the graph.

Which statement best describes the person’s jog?

• The person stands still for 5 s, then jogs at a constant velocity for 3 s. The person rests for 2 s

  before returning back to the starting point 10 s later.

• The person jogs at a constant velocity for 5 s, then stands still for 3 s. The person jogs faster for 2 s

  before stopping for a 10 s break.

• The person jogs at a constant velocity for 5 s, then jogs faster for 3 s. The person jogs at a constant

  velocity for 2 s before jogging faster back to the starting point 10 s later.

• The person stands still for 5 s, then accelerates at an increasing velocity for 3 s. The person rests

  for 2 s before returning back at a faster velocity to the starting point 10 s later.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

How is the acceleration of an object traveling in a straight line determined?

• The time it took the object to travel is divided by the distance the object traveled during that time.

• The distance the object traveled is divided by the time it took the object to travel the distance.

• The amount of time it takes the object to change speed is divided by the average speed of the

  object.

• The change in the speed of the object is divided by the amount of time in which the change

  occurred.

Physicists use reference points when tracking an object's motion. What is a necessary requirement for a valid reference point?

• It is accelerating.

• It is stationary.

• It is decelerating.

• It is charging direction.

A student measures the net force acting upon a wooden block being pushed up an inclined plane. She records the force applied as 12 in each of 5 trials but forgets to write down the units.

What units should the student include with her measurements?

• centimeters

• degrees

• grams

• Newtons

Which statement is true about the movement of an object with zero acceleration?

• The object

  may be speeding up.

• The object

  must be slowing down.

• The object

  must be at rest.

• The object

  may be in motion.

A person is paddling a canoe with an oar across a calm lake on a summer afternoon. The oar exerts an action force on the water.

What can be inferred from this scenario?

• The water exerts no reaction force on the oar because the water simply slides around the oar.

• The water exerts a greater reaction force on the oar because it provides resistance for the oar and

  creates drag as the canoe moves.

• The water exerts a lesser reaction force on the oar since water is a fluid and does not retain a

  definite shape when force is applied.

• The water exerts an equal reaction force on the oar regardless of the velocity of the canoe.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A 2000 kg bus and a 750 kg car are traveling down a street at the same velocity. When approaching a stoplight, which vehicle would need to apply its brakes first?

• The bus would need to apply its brakes first because it has greater momentum due to its larger

  mass and would need a longer stopping distance.

• The bus would need to apply its brakes first because the larger mass causes it to have a greater

  acceleration which requires more time to decelerate.

• The car would need to apply its brakes first because its smaller mass allows for greater

  acceleration, which requires a longer stopping distance.

• Both vehicles would need to apply brakes at the same time because the velocity and acceleration

  are the same for both.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2