Unit 6 - Review

What is the significance of the crossing over that occurs between homologous chromosomes during meiosis?

• It causes chromosomes to condense.

• It maintains the diploid number of the species.

• It reduces chromosomes from 2n to n.

• It results in genetic variation due to new gene combinations.

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Which statement is true about mitosis?

• It is a form of asexual reproduction resulting in daughter cells that each have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

• It is a form of asexual reproduction resulting in daughter cells that each have one set of chromosomes identical to the parent cell.

• It is a form of sexual reproduction resulting in daughter cells that each have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

• It is a form of sexual reproduction resulting in daughter cells that each have one set of chromosomes identical to the parent cell.

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Which statement best distinguishes meiosis from mitosis?

• Meiosis replicates then separates genetic information.

• Meiosis combines the genetic information of egg and sperm.

• Meiosis maintains the cell’s original chromosome number.

• Meiosis reduces the cell’s original chromosome number by half.

Color blindness is a sex-linked recessive disorder. The gene for this trait is found on the X chromosome. What are the chances of a child born to a carrier mother and a normal father developing color blindness? (a)  

• male child, 0 out of 2
• male child, 2 out of 2
• female child, 0 out of 2
  female child, 2 out of 2

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  NGSS.HS-LS3-1

  NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A man and a woman are both heterozygous for phenylketonuria (PKU), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Why might they be concerned about having children?

• There is a 25% chance their children will have the disorder.

• There is a 50% chance their sons will have the disorder.

• There is a 50% chance their daughters will be carriers of the disorder.

• There is a 75% chance their children will have the disorder.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In rats, black coat color (B) is dominant to white coat color (b). When a black rat was crossed with a white rat, some white offspring occurred. What was the genotype of the black rat? (a)  

• BB
• Bb
• B
• b

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A scientist studying the inheritance of flower color crossed two plants that were heterozygous for red and white flower color. She collected and planted 100 seeds/offspring obtained from cross. Once all seeds germinated, 48 of the plants formed pink flowers while 30 plants formed red flowers.

How many offspring were expected to have white flowers?

• 25

• 30

• 50

• 75

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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The pedigree shows a certain autosomal recessive genetic disorder that is coded for by the allele g.

What is the genotype of individual J?

• GG

• Gg

• gg

• GG or Gg

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The alleles for straight hair and curly hair show an incomplete dominance inheritance pattern in humans. Individuals with two S alleles (SS) will have straight hair, and individuals with two C alleles (CC) will have curly hair. Heterozygous individuals (SC) will have both alleles expressed and have wavy hair.

What is the predicted phenotypic outcome for a cross between a wavy-haired individual and one with straight hair?

• 100% straight hair

• 100% wavy hair

• 50% straight hair; 50% wavy hair

• 75% straight hair; 25% wavy hair

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The graph shows the results of a study performed to understand the relationship between some form of weekly physical activity and the incidence of diabetes. The subjects used for the study included two groups, individuals with family histories of diabetes and individuals without family histories of diabetes.

What can be concluded from the study?

• High levels of weekly physical activity resulted in the lowest incidences of diabetes in the group with a family history of the disease.

• Low levels of weekly physical activity resulted in the lowest incidences of diabetes in the group with a family history of the disease.

• High levels of weekly physical activity resulted in the lowest incidences of diabetes in the group with no family history of the disease.

• Moderate levels of weekly physical activity resulted in the lowest incidences of diabetes in the group with no family history of the disease.

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