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Scientists want to examine the effects of a coal-burning power plant on the pHpH of a lake that is downwind of the power plant. They take samples from a lake that is not downwind of the power plant to serve as a control. However, they did not realize that the lake they chose as a control group was a geothermal hot spring with acidic water.Which of the following best describes how their choice of control group could affect the results of their experiment?

• D) There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.

• D) There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.

• D) There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.

• D) There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.

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Scientists are testing the effect of different scrubber technologies on the removal of pollutants from coal power plants. The scrubbers use a slurry of limestone and water.Which of the following best describes the impact of modifying the slurry by increasing the amount of limestone?

• A) The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.

• A) The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.

• A) The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.

• A) The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.

Scientists want to examine the effects of a coal-burning power plant on the pHpH of a lake that is downwind of the power plant. They take samples from a lake that is not downwind of the power plant to serve as a control. However, they did not realize that the lake they chose as a control group was a geothermal hot spring with acidic water.Which of the following best describes how their choice of control group could affect the results of their experiment?

• C) The coal-burning power plant would not appear to have a large impact because the pH levels of the two lakes would be similar.

• C) The coal-burning power plant would not appear to have a large impact because the pH levels of the two lakes would be similar.

• C) The coal-burning power plant would not appear to have a large impact because the pH levels of the two lakes would be similar.

• C) The coal-burning power plant would not appear to have a large impact because the pH levels of the two lakes would be similar.

The graph shows the average distance traveled by individuals in a population in an urban area in the southwestern United States. Based on the data, which of the following months most likely experiences the highest levels of photochemical smog?

• A) July

• A) July

• A) July

• A) July

Scientists have discovered that Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCsVOCs) emitted from trees can contribute to photochemical smog formation. Data in the table above were collected in 2006 and 2014 in Berlin, Germany. Isoprene is a VOCVOC released by some tree species. Impact factor refers to the percentage of ozone attributed to the isoprene.Which of the following best describes the relationship between variables in the data table?

• C) Ozone maximum is correlated to average and maximum temperature

• C) Ozone maximum is correlated to average and maximum temperature

• C) Ozone maximum is correlated to average and maximum temperature

• C) Ozone maximum is correlated to average and maximum temperature

Scientists have discovered that Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCsVOCs) emitted from trees can contribute to photochemical smog formation. Data in the table above were collected in 2006 and 2014 in Berlin, Germany. Isoprene is a VOCVOC released by some tree species. Impact factor refers to the percentage of ozone attributed to the isoprene.Which of the following claims is best supported by the data shown in the table?

• C) Isoprene's contribution to ozone levels in Berlin was greatest in July of both years.

• C) Isoprene's contribution to ozone levels in Berlin was greatest in July of both years.

• C) Isoprene's contribution to ozone levels in Berlin was greatest in July of both years.

• C) Isoprene's contribution to ozone levels in Berlin was greatest in July of both years.

Which of the following best describes the process shown in the diagram above?

• B) Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.

• B) Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.

• B) Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.

• B) Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.

In addition to a nearby mountain range, which of the following environmental conditions would be required for the process in the diagram to occur?

• A) A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system

• A) A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system

• A) A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system

• A) A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system

Which of the following points on the graph best illustrates the location where pollutants are most likely to accumulate as a result of a thermal inversion?

• point a

• point b

• point c

• point d

An air pollution expert set up a monitoring program to determine the amount of particulate matter (PMPM) leaving a farmer's field after crops were harvested and the soil was bare. She set up high-volume air samplers 10 meters from each edge of the square field and collected samples weekly for two months. When she looked at her data, she was surprised by how much the PMPM levels varied, both from site to site on a given date and over time at each site. Which of the following parameters would have been best to measure to help explain the variation in her results?

• D) Wind direction and speed

• D) Wind direction and speed

• D) Wind direction and speed

• D) Wind direction and speed