DNA, DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

What is the end product of transcription? 

• protein (polypeptide)

• tRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

• It is the site of protein synthesis

• Brings amino acids to the ribosome

• It makes up the ribosome

• It is the message/code to make the protein

mRNA: ________ :: tRNA: _________

• uracil, thymine

• amino acid, protein

• translation, transcription

• codon, anticodon

During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the

• anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA.

• anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

• codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the rRNA.

• codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

Hemoglobin is comprised of two alpha and two beta globin proteins. A mutation in the gene for the beta globin changes one amino acid in the protein. This single amino acid change causes the red blood cells to become sickled. This picture below shows normal and sickled red blood cells.

Why does this single mutation cause a change in the red blood cells?

• The beta-globin protein is destroyed by oxygen

• The beta-globin protein is unable to function because the amino sequence is wrong

• The beta globin protein is too big

• The beta-globin protein has the wrong shape

Suppose that you are given an amino acid sequence containing the following amino acids:

tyrosine, proline, aspartic acid, isoleucine, and cysteine.

Which DNA sequence could codes for this polypeptide?

• ATG GGT CTA TAT ACG

• ATG CGT CTC TAT ACC

• AUG GGU CUA UAU ACG

• ATA CGT CTA TAT ACG

What is the function of the anticodon?

• ensure that each amino acid is delivered to its proper “address” on the mRNA

• to bring in Radical Nano Acids (tRNA)

• to transfer the correct nucleotides during DNA replication.

• To transcribe the DNA into mRNA

What are the three components of a single nucleotide of DNA?

• adenine, thymine, guanine

• hydrogen, a phosphate group and adenine

• deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base

• ribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base

Which of the following is a nucleotide?

• A

• B

• C

• D