Ms Pires' Urban Environments 1

Define urbanisation

• moving to the city

• moving to the suburbs, causing the city to spread

• increasing percentage of people living in urban areas

• increasing population density

What are the main causes of urbanisation globally?

• more jobs and money in cities

• improved healthcare

• not wanting to work in the primary sector

• rural-urban migration and natural increase

Why are the worlds largest cities located in emerging and developing countries?

• industrialisation created jobs, wealth, and services that can't easily be accessed in rural areas, whereas developed countries have de-industrialised and stabilised.

• cities in developed countries have ran out of space and can't grow anymore

• people have the ability to build their own house wherever they want in developing and emerging countries, so it's easy to move to the city

• in developed countries there aren't enough jobs for everyone to live in the city.

Many of the poor on the periphery of cities in less developed countries live in areas known as

• squatter settlements

• public housing

• the zone in transition

• suburbs

Push factors are:

• Negative
• Positive
• Pull factors
• attracting people to urban areas.

An example of a pull factor to urban area is:

• Better social life

• Shortage of houses

• More space to farm

• something that forces us to move to an urban area.

Which of these is a pull factor to Mumbai for people living in rural areas?

• Lack of education
• Promise of more pet varieties
• Lack of healthcare
• Promise of more job opportunities

In the last few years, the % of people in the world living in urban areas has surpassed

• 25%
• -25%
• 65%
• 50%

What are informal activities?

• untaxed, unregulated jobs with irregular hours or an unfixed location

• activities which take place in spare time such as hobbies or leisure activities

• jobs which are taxed and regulated such as offices or factories

• voluntary work that people do when they retire, in spare time or as social service activities

The movement of people from the city centre to the suburbs

• Urbanisation

• Suburbanisation

• Urban regeneration

• Counter urbanisation