ELL Earth systems BM - Forces that Shape the Earth

What are the forces that are shaping the Earth and its landforms? Use page 1 in your packet to help you answer this question.

• Compression

• The force that acts on a rock to change its shape or volume.

• Tension

• Squeezes the rock until it folds and breaks.

• Plate tectonics

• Pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions.

• Shearing

• Pulls on the crust, stretching the rock so it becomes thinner in the middle.

• Stress

• The continental crust is constantly changing due to the forces at the plate boundaries.

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(Page 1) Landforms created by ​ (a)   include​ (b)   ,​ (c)   , and volcanic arcs which are lines of volcanoes that form on plate boundaries.

• compression
• mountain ranges
• ocean trenches
• valleys

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When do mountain ranges form?

Use the record button to record your response. You will find your answer on page 1 in your packet.

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Explain how ocean trenches form. (Use page one in your packet to type your answer.)

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Using the word bank in the question and page 4 in your packet, label the continents correctly.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

North America

South America

Asia

China

Antarctica

Austrailia

Europe

Greenland

Africa

Earth's surface is made of tectonic plates that are constantly moving. A _____ is where these plates meet.

Pick the THREE main types of faults.

(Choose 3 answers)

• Normal

• Reverse

• epicenter

• Strike-slip

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An ​ (a)   is a vibration in the ground that comes from the movement of tectonic plates along the Earth's crust.

• earthquake
• tsunami
• volcano

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What is the name of several volcanic plate boundaries along the rim of the Pacific Ocean. (page 12)

• Island Arc

• Ring of Fire

• Plate of Fire

• Magma Chamber

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Name the types of Volcanic Landforms

Use page 15 to help you match the picture and description in each category.

Groups:

(a) Shield Volcano

,

(b) Cinder Cone Volcano

,

(c) Lava Plateau

,

(d) Caldera

• 
• High, flat area built up over time. Lava seeps out and move a long distance before cooling.

• Smallest and most common. Produces ash, and bombs in this explosive volcano.

• 
• Huge hole left by a volcano after it collapses. Can sometimes fill with water and form lakes.

• 
• 
• Lava flows out and gradually builds a wide base, and gently sloped mountain.

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