Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Which are the inductive reasoning properties?

• It uses available facts, information, or knowledge to deduce a valid conclusion

• It involves making a generalization from specific facts, and observations.

• It uses a top-down approach

• It uses a bottom-up approach.

Which are the deductive reasoning properties?

• It moves from generalized statement to a valid conclusion

• It moves from specific observation to a generalization.

• Conclusions are probabilistic.

• Conclusions are certain

It is not a property of inductive reasoning.

• It involves making a generalization from specific facts, and observations.

• It uses available facts, information, or knowledge to deduce a valid conclusion

• It uses a bottom-up approach.

• It moves from specific observation to a generalization.

It is not a property of deductive reasoning.

• It uses available facts, information, or knowledge to deduce a valid conclusion

• It moves from generalized statement to a valid conclusion

• Conclusions are probabilistic.

• If premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Choose a correct conclusion.

After I ate strawberries, my lips swelled.

Swollen lips after eating strawberries may be a sign of an allergy.

Conclusion: _______________________________

• I do not like strawberries.

• Strawberries is not a fruit.

• Strawberries are not sweet,

• Likely I am allergic to strawberries.

Choose a correct conclusion.

This cat is black. That cat is black. A third cat is black

• Therefore all cats are are black.

• Therefore all cats have four feet.

• Therefore black cats are going out today.

• I prefer black cats.

Choose a correct conclusion.

Most Labrador retrievers are friendly.

Kimber is a Labrador retriever.

Therefore, _____________________.

• Kimber is not a dog.

• Kimber is friendly.

• Kimber barks at night.

• Kimber hates cats.

All racing cars must go over 80MPH;

the Dodge Charger is a racing car,

therefore it can go over 80MPH.

• This is an inductive reasoning.

• This is a deductive reasoning.

“Every bear I’ve seen had black fur.

Therefore, most bears probably have black fur.”

• This is an inductive reasoning.

• This is a deductive reasoning.

Christmas is always Dec. 25th;

today is Dec. 25th,

therefore it’s Christmas.

• This is an inductive reasoning.

• This is a deductive reasoning.