Fall Benchmark Review

You notice an error in the diagram. What changes would you make to complete the diagram correctly?

• “Two Parents” and “One Parent” should be reversed

• “Fewer Offspring” and “More Offspring” should be reversed

• “Requires less energy” and “Requires more energy” should be reversed

• “Genetically identical offspring” and “Genetically diverse offspring” should be reversed

A student drew the picture of a human body system shown below. The student labeled some of the organs of the system. The main function f this body system is to

• sense odors in the environment

• exchange gases with the environment

• chew food as it enters the mouth

• trap particles that enter the nose

A student listed how different parts of the body work to aid in the digestion of food. Which of the following is a chemical change that occurs to the food?

• the reduction in size of food particles as food is chewed

• the movement of food to the stomach after food is swallowed

• the breakdown of molecules of food by enzymes and acid in the stomach

• none of the above

Part of a human body is pictured. The main function of this system is to

• control reproduction

• transport oxygen

• produce hormones

• remove waste

Which table best shows some functions of the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and endocrine systems?

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When people run long distances, their muscles require increased amounts of oxygen. Which system is responsible for carrying this oxygen to the skeletal muscles?

• nervous

• respiratory

• digestive

• circulatory

Which table correctly describes the functions of the cell structures listed?

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Plants use energy from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce sugar (glucose). Which structure is found only in plant cells and helps plants capture energy from sunlight?

• vacuole

• nucleus

• chloroplast

• cell membrane

In the 1800's two scientists, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden, studied different types of organisms. After many years of studying a great variety of organisms, they drew similar but independent conclusions about their observations. What statement was developed most directly from these conclusions and is part of the modern cell theory?

• the functions of living things occur in cells

• cells exist only in multicellular organisms

• living things are composed of cells

• cells contain hereditary information

In 1838 botanist Matthias Schleiden determined that all plants are composed of cells. In 1855 biologist Rudolf Virchow added to Schleiden's and Schwann's observations and proposed that all living things are composed of cells. Which statement is also part of Virchow's cell theory?

• all cells have a cell wall

• all cells arise from pre-existing cells

• all cells are capable of photosynthesis

• all cells can develop into any other type of cell