AP Environment

What is the trophic level of the bobcat in the food web above?

• Primary and secondary level consumer

• Secondary and tertiary level consumer

• Tertiary and quaternary level consumer

• Secondary and quaternary level consumer

The energy passing from the detritivores to the predatory invertebrates in this food web is14000kJm–2year–1.

Approximately how much energy (in kJm–2 year–1) passes from the predatory invertebrates to the carnivores?

• 140

• 1400

• 14000

• 140000

The diagram shows a simplified food web. What will happen to the sizes of the populations in the food web above if the sea otter disappears?

• Large fish increase and sea urchins decrease.

• Abalones increase and sharks increase.

• Sea urchins increase and kelps decrease.

• Sea stars decrease and sharks increase.

Use the information in the table to determine whether the species are r- or K-strategists

• Answer is row A

• Answer is row B

• Answer is row C

• Answer is row D

What is the name of an interaction in which one organism feeds on another by living on or in it andharming it?

• Competition

• Parasitism

• Mutualism

• Predation

Two herbivorous animals are part of the same community. One of them is prey to many predators and the other has no natural predator. They are:

• primary consumers and occupy the same ecological niche.

• primary producers and occupy the same ecological niche.

• primary consumers and occupy different ecological niches.

• primary producers and occupy different ecological niches.

An ecological niche is

• where a species lives and what it does in its environment.

• the specific location of a species.

• the general type of ecosystem where a species is found.

• the type of shelter where a species lives.

A experiment was conducted to determine if four invasive species (Proterorhinus semilunaris, Neogobius melanostomus, Neogobius kessleri and Neogobius fluviatilis) were competing with two native species (Cottus perifretum and Barbatula barbatula). To investigate this, various habitat choice experiments were conducted, housing separately small populations of each species in tanks of 150 L and studying which environment among 8 possible (see fig 1) the fish chose. The results of the experiment are shown in figure 2:

On the space below, answer in order the following 4 questions:

Question 1. State two valid conclusions about the niche of the species studied in this investigation.

Question 2. After analyzing the graph, a student made the following about Figure 2: “Figure 2 only shows examples of intraspecific relationships between organisms“ Do you agree with this statement? Use the data of the graphs to justify your answer.

Question 3. Relationships between organisms can have a negative, positive or neutral impact over species. In the case of this study, what kind of effect do invasive species have over native species? Use data from the graphs to justify your answer.

Question 4. Suggest two other factors apart from space these species may be competing for:

Which represents a correct food chain from this web?

• stickleback → midge larva → unicellular algae

• ciliates → Daphnia → stickleback → dragonfly nymph

• diatom → midge larva → caddisfly larva → stickleback

• filamentous algae → mayfly nymph → leech → stickleback