Jacob C. 11/08/21 4th Bio 3.1.1 (17 questions)

1. Which best describes a strand of DNA?

• A. It is a single-stranded nucleic acid with ribose and uracil.

• B. It is a double-stranded nucleic acid with deoxyribose and uracil.

• C. It is a single-stranded nucleic acid with deoxyribose and thymine.

• D. It is a double-stranded nucleic acid with deoxyribose and thymine.

5. A portion of a DNA molecule has the sequence ATA GGC AAC. How many nitrogen bases would be on the complementary strand of that portion?

• A. 3

• B. 5

• C. 7

• D. 9

9. What characteristic of double-stranded DNA determines the ability of one strand to make an exact copy of the other strand?

• A. complementary pairing of bases

• B. hydrogen bonding between strands

• C. ability of bases to be connected in any order

• D. location of the base pairs in the center of helix

14. Which are the basic units of a DNA nucleotide?

• A. a pair of nitrogen bases

• B. a section of three nitrogen bases

• C. a single nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate

• D. a joined pair of nitrogen bases, a sugar, and a phosphate

23. What are the primary components of a nucleotide?

• A. base, phosphate, and sugar

• B. acid, base, and phosphate

• C. base, oxygen, and phosphate

• D. acid, chlorine, and hydrogen

26. Which nucleotide is complementary to adenine?

• A. adenine

• B. cytosine

• C. guanine

• D. thymine

29. What does the replication of DNA during interphase ensure during cell replication?

• A. Crossing-over occurs prior to cell division.

• B. Mutations are corrected before the cell divides.

• C. Genetic variation is created in daughter cells.

• D. Each daughter cell gets an exact copy of the cell’s DNA.

30. Which best explains the mechanism that allows for cell differentiation?

• A. Cells can turn off and on their entire genome at will.

• B. Genes are activated and produce a specialized cell.

• C. Different fertilized cells fuse, producing specialized cells.

• D. Cells have different DNA, and this allows for cell specialization.

32. How does the structure of DNA relate to its function?

• A. The single-stranded structure of DNA allows for mutation to occur during replication.

• B. The double-stranded structure of DNA allows for mutation to occur during replication.

• C. The single-stranded structure of DNA allows for accurate replication.

• D. The double-stranded strucutre of DNA allows for accurate replication.

34. Why is it important for DNA to be duplicated exactly before a cell divides?

• A. So the nuclear envelope can reform prior to cell division.

• B. So there is sufficient energy available for the cell to divide quickly.

• C. Because correcting mutations in the DNA would require a lot of energy in the new daughter cells.

• D. So genetic information is correctly passed on to govern the cellular processes in the new daughter cells.