Topic 4.1 Ionic Bonding

Positive ions are called

• Anions that form by metal losing electrons

• Cations that form by metals losing electrons

• Anions that form by non-metals gaining electrons

• Cations that form by non-metals gaining electrons

Negative ions are called

• Anions that form by metals losing electrons

• Cations that form by metals losing electrons

• Anions that form by non-metals gaining electrons

• Cations that form by non-metals gaining electrons

The number of electrons lost or gained is determined by

• the total number of electrons in an atom

• the number of valence electrons in an atom

The ionic bond is due to the

• electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the shared electrons

• the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

• the electrostatic attraction between the metal ion and delocalized electrons

Under normal conditions, ionic compounds are

• Gases with weak forces

• Solids with lattice structure

• Liquids that are miscible with water

Ionic compounds

• Conduct electricity when solids

• Conduct electricity when solids and molten

• Conduct electricity when molten and aqueous solutions

• never conduct electricity

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten and in aqueous solutions because of

• free moving electrons

• free moving ions

• free moving electrons and ions

• polarity