Ultrasound approach to fetal facial clefts

The anatomical landmarks that forms the boundaries of the retronasal triangle are:

• a) Nasal bones, Zygomatic process and vomer bone

• b) Nasal bones, frontal process of maxilla and ethmoid bone

• c) Nasal bones, frontal process of maxilla and palate

• d) Nasal bones, Zygomatic process and palate

Identify the type of cleft in the given midsagittal section.

• a) Unilateral cleft lip and palate

• b) Bilateral cleft lip and palate

• c) Median cleft lip and palate

• d) None of the above

The finding of premaxillary protrusion is often indicative of:

• a)Unilateral cleft lip and palate

• b) Bilateral cleft lip and palate

• c) Median cleft lip and palate

• d) Retrognathia

Identify the type of cleft shown in the axial section.

• a) Unilateral CLCP

• b) Bilateral CLCP involving secondary palate

• c) Median CLCP

• d) Bilateral CLCP with intact secondary palate

Advantages of evaluating palate in first trimester are all except:

• a) Visualisaton of maxillary line is not dependent on presence of fluid in oral cavity

• b) Palate is curved in early gestation

• c) There is minimal shadowing from facial bones

• d) Superimposed Line Sign is better visualized in late first trimester

Pierre Robin Sequence is described as a triad of:

• a) Agnathia, Ankyloglossia and cleft lip

• b) Cleft palate, micrognathia and glossoptosis

• c) Cleft palate, micrognathia and macroglossia

• d) None of the above

Identify the highlighted structure.

• a) Palate

• b) Frontal process of maxilla

• c) Ethmoid bone

• d) Vomer bone

Given image denotes …………………. classification of cleft.

• a) Kernahan’s

• b) CLAP

• c) LASHAL

• d) Veau’s

Find the correct description for the given ultrasound image.

• a)

• b)

• c)

• d)

The landmarks which denote the integrity of the secondary palate are:

• a) Uvula and PMT

• b) Uvula and alveolar arch

• c) Uvula and bony posterior edge of hard palate

• d) Uvula and nose chin view