Review of Rise of Umayyads

The rise of Umayyads started from

• Mua'wiya becoming the caliph

• Mua'wiya becoming the Governor

Which city became the capital city of Umayyad Dynasty

• Damascus - Syria

• Aleppo - Syria

• Syria

Who became the 2nd Umayyad caliph after Mua'wiya

• Mua'wiya governor

• Mua'wiya Cousin

• Mua'wiya Son -

How Mua'wiya' son - Yazid came to caliphate

• Nomination

• Selection

• Kinship - Father after son

Where did the Caliphate go after the death of 3rd Caliph Son of Yazid - Mua'wiya II -

• Caliphate was finished

• Umayyad Dynasty was finished

• Caliphate shifted to cousins of Mua'wiya II- who were also Umayyads

What did caliph do initially for the betterment of the community

• Minting of Coins on the Sassanian and Byzantine Styles

• Expansion to other lands

• Building on the Navy system from Byzantine

• Minting their own coins on Islamic style

• Building the administrative system on Byzantine Style

why caliph would have build on the Byzantine system / system that existed in the past?

• Because people in the past knew everything

• because caliph wanted to learn from the past and build on it

• because caliph wanted to benefit his community from the knowledge of the past

• Because caliph and Muslims were new to those lands

• Because knowledge in the past was easy to understand

Why it was important for Muslims to build coins in Sasanian and Byzantine style with some addition of Islamic inscriptions

• They want to keep the past as legacy

• They want to include the past tradition and build upon them

• They want to include the people living there in the society as their members of the state

• They also want to maintain their own identity by adding Islamic inscriptions

• They just want to show their leadership and power

Why it was important to build on the Administrative system from the Christians and Byzantines

• because Muslims wanted to learn from the past and develop it further

• because Christians were good at administering

• because building new administration initially would have caused problems

• because Muslims did not want to disturb people with sudden changes

• Because they showed respect for knowledge which Christians and Byzantines had by keeping that system

Why it is necessary for a ruler or a community to build on the past and also develop new knowledge

• Knowledge from the past gives us base to further learn and explore new things

• Knowledge from the past becomes the base for future inventions

• Knowledge from the past could only be used if it belongs to Muslims

• Knowledge from the past gives us motivation to make our own contribution for the society