Phytoremediation

Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers

• No

• Yes

The list below are considered as heavy metals except:

• Lead (Pb)

• Mercury (Hg)

• Cadmium (Cd)

• Arsenic (As)

Phytoremdiation basically refers to use plants and associated soil microbes to reduce the concentrations or toxic effects of contaminants in the environment

• No

• Yes

All plants have the ability in accumulating all elements including heavy metals

• No

• Yes

The metal hyperaccumulator plants is the term introduced by Brooks (1977) which refer to plants which can accumulate more than 10 mg metal/g dry mass in the leaves

• No

• Yes

The series of the metals uptake by metal hyperaccumulators are as list below except:

• Root uptake

• Phloem loading

• Xylem loading

• Sequestration

Phytoextraction is the technique involves in stabilizing soil contamination by complexation, precipitation or root absorption rather than clean up

• No

• Yes

Phytoremediation involves 4 technique or process except:

• Phytoextraction

• Rhizofiltration

• Phytodegradation

• Phytoexclusion

Pteris vitata is considered as Al hyperaccumulator and have the potential in accumulating more than 10mg Al/g

dry mass

• No

• Yes

Below are some of the plants useful for phytoremediation except:

• Melastoma malabathricum

• Ptersi vitata

• Mimosa pudica

• Lepironia articulata