The Enlightenment

Thinkers of the Enlightenment sought to use natural law to

• find cures for major diseases.

• solve social problems.

• explain the workings of the solar system.

• create lasting works of art.

Which of the following would Locke most favor?

• republic

• oligarchy

• theocracy

• absolute monarchy

Which is the best example of a monarch supporting Enlightenment reform?

• Frederick the Great inviting Voltaire to Prussia

• Catherine the Great expanding Russian’s empire

• Maria Theresa modernizing the Austrian government

• Joseph II abolishing serfdom in Austria

Which of the following would be most likely considered rococo?

• a watercolor depicting a realistic portrayal of people harvesting grain

• a tapestry featuring delicate shells and flowers using pastel colors

• a portrait using size and bright colors to symbolize power and glory

• an oil painting that glorifies a historic battle and invokes religious symbolism

How did philosophes and other writers avoid censorship?

• by disguising their ideas as fiction

• by winning the support of the aristocracy

• by limiting access to books

• by speaking in salons instead of writing

Adam Smith favored an economic system in which

• the government ensured a favorable balance of trade.

• the government played no role in the economy.

• prices were determined by supply and demand.

• business put the public good ahead of the desire for profit.

In order to protect liberty, Montesquieu proposed that

• people entrust their rights to a strong monarch.

• government be divided into separate branches.

• property be distributed equally among all people.

• the press should have complete freedom.

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

• It revived the scientific thinking of ancient Greece and Rome.

• It undermined the authority of the Church.

• It encouraged people to use reason to solve problems.

• It proved the existence of natural rights.

Which of the following was NOT a new idea about government stemming from the Enlightenment period?

• Absolutism
• Social Contract
• Checks and Balance
• Separation of Powers

Enlightenment philosophy emphasized that governments should reflect:

• monarchies
• the church
• natural laws
• science