C1. Biochemistry and Monosaccharides

In terms of mass percent, which of the following statements concerning human body

composition is correct?

• Bioorganic substances are much more abundant than bioinorganic substances.

• Bioinorganic substances are much more abundant than bioorganic substances.

• Bioorganic substances are slightly more abundant than bioinorganic substances.

• no correct response

Which of the following is the most abundant type of bioorganic substance, by mass, in

the human body?

• nucleic acids

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• no correct response

Which of the following statements concerning the abundance of carbohydrates is incorrect?

• They are the most abundant type of bioorganic molecule in the human body.

• They are the most abundant type of bioorganic molecule in the plant world.

• They are the most abundant type of bioorganic molecule on planet Earth.

Which of the following is not a function for carbohydrates in the human body?

• They are a structural component of DNA and RNA molecules.

• They serve as a source of energy.

• They are a structural component of cell membranes.

• no correct response

A carbohydrate is a polyhydroxy aldehyde, a polyhydroxy ketone, or a compound

that yields polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones upon hydrolysis. The

carbohydrate glucose is a _______________, and the carbohydrate fructose is a

__________________.

• Polyhydroxy ketone and Polyhydroxy aldehyde

• Polyhydroxy aldehyde and Polyhydroxy ketone

• Both Polyhydroxy aldehyde

• Both Polyhydroxy ketone

Which of the following functional groups is always present in a carbohydrate molecule?

• hydroxyl

• aldehyde

• ketone

• none of the above

Which of the following statements concerning monosaccharides is incorrect?

• They cannot be broken down into simpler units by hydrolysis.

• They contain both an aldehyde and ketone functional group.

• They are either polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.

• no correct response

Which of the following is not a possible value for the number of monosaccharide units

in an oligosaccharide?

• 12

• 8

• 5

• 6

The complete hydrolysis of a polysaccharide produces many

• disaccharides

• monosaccharides

• disaccharides

Identify the chiral centers in molecules

• Chiral

• Achiral