IGCSE Economics Glossary Terms - G & H

The proportions of people in a country who are male and female.

• Gender distribution

• People distribution

• Geographic distribution

• Household distribution

The way people are spread across a country or region, for example, the proportion of the population living in urban and rural areas.

• Gender distribution

• People distribution

• Geographical distribution

• Household distribution

The ease with which an individual can change from one location to another for work purposes.

• Work mobility

• Travel mobility

• Location mobility

• Geographical mobility

The integration of local markets into a single global market.

• Integration

• Commercialisation

• Extension

• Globalisation

A tax levied on goods and services sold in a country calculated as a percentage of the sales price.

• Goods and services tax (GST)

• Value added tax (VAT)

• Income tax

• Company tax

A plan of a government's future income and expected spending over a period of time (usually a year).

• Household budget

• Government budget

• Personal budget

• Monetary budget

Expenditure by the government.

• Household spending

• Personal spending

• Company spending

• Government spending

A sum of money that is given by the government which does not have to be repaid.

• Loan

• Tax

• Grant

• Credit note

The total value of all final goods and serviced produced within a country over a year.

• Export amount

• Goods produced amount

• Gross domestic product (GDP)

• Gross domestic payment

Total income earned by the residents of a country (individuals and businesses) at home and abroad.

• Gross national income (GNI)

• Gross domestic product (GDP)

• Government spending

• Country earnings