Astronomy Review

Based on the diagram, which process generates the energy that is released by stars?

• nuclear fusion

• convection currents

• thermal conduction

• radioactive decay

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

Based on the diagram, which property primarily determines whether a giant star or a supergiant star will form?

• mass

• color

• shape

• composition

Which table includes data that is characteristic of the surface temperature and luminosity of some white dwarfs?

• Surface temp: [5,000k] [Luminosity 100]

• Surface temp: [5,000k] [Luminosity 0.001]

• Surface temp: [10,000k] [Luminosity 100]

• Surface temp: [10,000k] [Luminosity 0.001]

Early in its formation, Earth was a molten mass of evenly mixed composition. During the next few million years, the heavier and more dense elements sank to the center, while lighter and less dense elements rose toward the surface. This is called chemical fractionation.

Based on the image above, chemical fractionation is most likely caused by...

• solidification

• gravity

• magnetic force

• chemical weathering

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

Based on the diagram, which pair of elements sank to Earth's center during chemical fractionation?

• aluminum and silicon

• iron and nickel

• carbon and sulfur

• oxygen and potassium

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Approximately how many years ago did Earth and other planets in our solar system begin the process of chemical fractionation?

• 8.2 billion years ago

• 13.8 billion years ago

• 542 million years ago

• 4600 million years ago

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

Based on the diagram, what causes clouds of dust and gas to form a protostar?

• magnetism

• expansion of matter

• gravitational attraction

• cosmic background radiation

Most asteroids in our solar system are located in the asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. What is the approximate distance from the Sun to the asteroid belt?

• 129 million km

• 210 million km

• 403 million km

• 1103 million km

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Which two stars are most similar in luminosity?

• Betelgeuse and Barnard's Star

• Polaris and the Sun

• Procyon B and Proxima Centauri

• Alpha Centauri and Sirius

Which motion causes observers on Earth to see different constellations at different times of the year?

• Earth revolves around the constellations.

• Earth revolves around the Sun.

• The constellations revolve around Earth.

• The constellations revolve around the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1