Chapter 9: Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Large and explosive volcanic eruptions, such as the one shown below, can change climate because

• ash and gas that erupt high into the atmosphere can reflect sunlight.

• the magma that erupts is hot.

• volcanic ash keeps Earth from losing its heat.

• volcanic mountains block solar radiation.

Which type of fault is shown in the diagram above?

• normal

• shallow

• reverse

• strike-slip

At a divergent plate boundary such as a mid-ocean ridge, you should expect to find

• high viscosity lava and normal faults.

• low viscosity lava and normal faults.

• high viscosity lava and reverse faults.

• low viscosity lava and reverse faults.

Approximately how much more ground motion is recorded on a seismogram from a magnitude 6 earthquake compared to a magnitude 4 earthquake?

• 10 times more

• 100 times more

• 50 times more

• 1,000 times more

Most of the volcanic activity on Earth occurs

• along transform plate boundaries.

• at hot spots.

• along mid-ocean ridges.

• within the crust.

Which can show the amount of energy released by an earthquake?

• the Modified Mercalli scale

• a lag-time graph

• the Richter magnitude scale

• the moment magnitude scale

High energy earthquakes occur

• away from divergent plate boundaries.

• on transform plate boundaries.

• on convergent plate boundaries.

• away from plate boundaries.

A lag-time graph illustrates the relationship between the time it takes a seismic wave to travel from the earthquake epicenter to a seismometer and the

• distance between the earthquake and the seismometer.

• earthquake intensity.

• size of the fault.

• earthquake magnitude.

Which feature is labeled with the letter A in the diagram above?

• a caldera

• a chain of hot spot volcanoes

• a mid-ocean ridge

• a subducting tectonic plate

The location of an earthquake can be determined from seismic data recorded by at least

• five seismometers.

• two seismometers.

• one seismometer.

• three seismometers.