Second Law of Thermodynamics

What is the statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

• Heat does not flow spontaneously from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature

• Heat flows spontaneously from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature

• Heat flows spontaneously from a substance at a lower temperature to a substance at a higher temperature

• Heat flows spontaneously between two substances which have same temperatures

The thermodynamics processes that occur in nature are ___________ processes

• irreversible

• reversible

• equilibrium

• nonspontaneous

Which statement is TRUE about a heat engine?

• A heat engine requires net input work to transport heat from cooler bodies to hotter bodies

• A heat engine requires net input work to transport heat from hotter bodies to cooler bodies

• A heat engine converts a fraction of heat into work while transporting heat from hotter bodies to cooler bodies

• A heat engine converts a fraction of heat into work while transporting heat from cooler bodies to hotter bodies

Which thermodynamic process does NOT occur in a diesel engine?

• adiabatic expansion

• adiabatic compression

• isobaric expansion

• isochoric expansion

What is the difference between an otto engine and a diesel engine?

• Otto engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant pressure

  Diesel engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant volume

• Otto engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant volume

  Diesel engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant pressure

• Otto engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant volume

  Diesel engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant temperature

• Otto engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant temperature

  Diesel engine: heat is absorbed by the engine at a constant pressure

Which thermodynamic process occurs in the otto engine, diesel engine, and Carnot engine?

• isothermal expansion

• isochoric expansion

• isobaric expansion

• adiabatic expansion

Which statement is TRUE about a refrigerator?

• A refrigerator requires net input work to transport heat from cooler bodies to hotter bodies

• A refrigerator requires net input work to transport heat from hotter bodies to cooler bodies

• A refrigerator converts a fraction of heat into work while transporting heat from hotter bodies to cooler bodies

• A refrigerator converts a fraction of heat into work while transporting heat from cooler bodies to hotter bodies

The total entropy of a system _________________ when an irreversible process occurs.

• does not change

• decreases

• increases

• zero

The total entropy change in one cycle of any Carnot engine is ______________________

• greater than zero

• decreases

• increases

• zero

Which statement is FALSE about entropy?

• The change in entropy depends on its path

• The change in entropy is independent of the path

• The change in entropy depends on its initial and final states

• The entropy of a system depends on its current state