Biology Final 2021

A mushroom gains its energy by decomposing the tissues of dead organisms. Should mushrooms be classified as autotrophs, heterotrophs, in both groups, or in neither group, and for what reason?

• They are autotrophs because they do not eat their food, as animals do.
• They are autotrophs because decomposition is very similar to photosynthesis.
• They are heterotrophs because their food is made by other organisms.
• They are both autotrophs and heterotrophs, because they may grow in sunlight or darkness.

The process of photosynthesis converts the energy from sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of ________.

• carbohydrates
• proteins
• water molecules
• carbon dioxide

During photosynthesis, what best describes the role of the compound with the chemical formula C6H12O6?

• a product that is not useful because of its low-energy chemical bonds
• a product that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds
• a reactant that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds
• either a product or a reactant, depending on whether the cell needs to store energy or release energy

When listing the changes to matter and energy that occur during the process of photosynthesis, which of these should be included

• nuclear changes that convert hydrogen and oxygen into carbon
• chemical changes that convert carbohydrates into smaller molecules
• changes that convert light energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates
• changes that convert chemical energy into heat and light

When the weather is very hot and dry, plants may close their stomata (small openings in the leaves) to conserve water. How are the closures most likely to affect photosynthesis?

• increase the rate of photosynthesis
• decreate the rate of photosynthesis
• speed up the rate of gas exhange
• slow down the rate of gas exchange

What significant benefits to animals does photosynthesis provide?

• carbon dioxide
• carbohydrates
• oxygen
• ATP

mRNA vaccines are very new and scientists just started creating them when COVID was discovered

• true
• false

mRNA COVID vaccines can change the DNA in the nucleus of your cells

• true
• false

mRNA COVID vaccines give you COVID

• true
• false

Plants, algae, and some bacteria use the energy of sunlight in the process of______

• photosynthesis
• cellular respiration
• both
• neither