2021 PASS Review - Energy/Simple Machines Units

A student is using a pendulum to demonstrate energy transformation. The student pulls the ball back before releasing it.

Which list BEST describes the energy of the ball on the pendulum in each diagram?

• 1. all potential enegy (PE)

  2. PE is transferring to KE

  3. KE is transferring to PE

• 1. all kinetic enegy (KE)

  2. KE is transferring to PE

  3. KE is transferring to PE

• 1. all potential enegy (PE)

  2. KE is transferring to PE

  3. PE is transferring to kE

• 1. all kinetic enegy (KE)

  2. PE is transferring to KE

  3. KE is transferring to PE

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Use the pictures to answer the question.

Which two objects transform electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• radio and heat pack

• television and battery

• battery and hair dryer

• washing machine and ceiling fan

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Electrial energy flowing through a circuit is measured in voltage. A teacher measured the voltage on an electrical circuit.

Which statement best explains the voltage change as the current moves through the electricl circuit.

• The voltage decrease is due to the chemical energy of the battery transforming into light and heat energy

• The voltage decrease shows energy being destroyed as the current moves through the electrical circuit.

• The voltage decrease is due to the light energy of the battery transforming into heat and chemical energy

• The voltage decrease shows energy being created as the current moves through the electrical circuit.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

The voltage decrease shows energy being created as the current moves through the electrical circuit.

According to the graph, which container is most effective in keeping the ice cream from melting?

• the open container

• the rubber-lined container

• the aluminum-lined container

• the fiberglass-lined container

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A group of students wants to build a ramp to move boxes from the floor up to a stage. How can the students reduce the amount of effort needed to push the boxes up the ramp?

• by making the ramp as long as possible

• by making the ramp’s height and length equal

• by building the ramp out of a lightweight material

• by covering the ramp’s surface with a soft rubber mat

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

A student lifts a box of cereal to a shelf. How can the student increase the gravitational potential energy of the box?

• by lifiting the box more slowly

• by lifting the box to a higher shelf

• by turning the box sideways before lifting it

• by removing cereal from the box before lifting it

A heater is placed in a room, as shown in the diagram below.

Which method is being used to transfer heat around the room?

• radiation

• insulation

• convection

• conduction

A student makes a lever and places an object 20 cm from the fulcrum. The student then exerts and effort force at different distances from the other side of the fulcrum. The table below shows the effort force needed at each distance to move the object.

Which pattern, if any, do the data show?

• The data do not show any pattern.

• There is a specific distance at which the effort force is lowest.

• The effort force increases as the distance from the fulcrum increases.

• The effort force decreases as the distance from the fulcrum increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

In a hydroelectric power plant, falling water turns a turbine in an electric generator. Which energy transformation takes place during this process?

• chemcial energy to electrical energy

• electrical energy to chemical energy

• mechanical energy to electrical energy

• electrical energy to mechanical energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-3

A student made a diagram of an electromagnet, as shown below.

The student decided to revise the diagram by adding a switch. Which question did the student most likely ask before changing the diagram?

• What is the best location for a switch in and electric circuit?

• How does a magnetic field form around an electromagnet?

• What happens when electric currents stops flowing through an electromagnet?

• Does an electromagnet become stronger when a switch is added to the circuit?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1