Pre Columbian Civilizations

(1450-1572 CE), Largest Empire ever built in South America; territory extended 2,500 miles from north to south and embraced almost all of modern Peru connected by roads

• Aztecs

• Inca

• Olmec

• Maya

Aztec capital city (now the site of Mexico City)

• Teotihuacan

• Tenochitlan

• Machu Pichu

• Cuzco

Aztec floating gardens that provided food for Tenochtitlan

• chinampas

• terrace farming

• domestication

• greenhouses

cutting of "steps" into the mountains that allowed for more agriculture for the mountainous Incan Empire

• chinampas

• terrace farming

• domestication

• greenhouses

independent state that has to acknowledge the supremacy of another state and pay tribute to its ruler

• tributary state

• ayllu

• quipu

• chinampas

The capital city of the Inca Empire, Located in present-day Peru

• Teotihuacan

• Tenochitlan

• Machu Pichu

• Cuzco

An arrangement of knotted strings on a cord, used by the Inca to record numerical information.

• tributary state

• ayllu

• quipu

• chinampas

In Incan society, a small community or family group whose members worked together for the common good of the peoples.

• tributary state

• ayllu

• quipu

• chinampas

Abandoned city high in the Andes mountains that showcases the architectural genius of the Inca

• Machu Picchu

• Tenochitlan

• Cuzco

• Teotihuacan

created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax.

• Aztecs

• Inca

• Olmec

• Maya