EOC Review- DNA and Protein Synthesis

What is the result of this process?

• an increase in offspring variation.

• the deletion of amino acid sequences.

• an increase in mutations in genetic material.

• the production of gametes that are genetically identical.

Which statement describes crossing over as it occurs in meiosis?

• The alleles of a gene separate.

• Spindle fibers pull apart sister chromatids.

• Genes move to opposite ends of the chromosome.

• Homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA.

Which organism will pass mutations to their offspring?

• L and M

• L and O

• N and M

• N and O

Which statement describes evidence that supports your choice in the previous question?

• Offpring genotypes are determined by gametes.

• Offspring genotypes are determined by both somatic cells and gametes.

• Independent assortment of alleles in somatic cells causes mutated genes to be passed on to offspring.

• Mutations in somatic cells are highly inheritable because they transport nutrients throughout the organism.

Select two pairs of species that share the greatest genetic similarity based on the results of the gel electrophoresis.

• C. parreyssi and C. gaillardoti

• C. canopicus ans C. prasidens

• C. prasidens and C. gaillardoti

• C. parreyssi and C. prasidens

• C. canopicus and C. aegyptiaca

A mutation occurs in the DNA base sequence GGG GAG TTA resulting in the base sequence GGA GAG TTA. Use the information in the table to determine the effects of this mutation on the amino acid chain produced.

• Proline is now lysine and leucine is unchanged.

• Proline is now lysine and asparagine is unchanged.

• Proline is unchanged and asparagine is unchanged.

• Proline is unchanged and leucine is now phenylalanine.

A scientist examines a fruit fly gene involved in the regulation of body development. A section of the DNA sequence for the gene is shown. Which amino acid sequence would be produced from this DNA?

Fruit Fly DNA Sequence

...TGG-AAC-CAA

• Gly-Pro-Ser

• Thr-Leu-Val

• Gln-Gly-Trp

• Trp-Asn-Gln

Which mRNA sequence was used to create the amino acid sequence you selected in the previous question?

Fruit Fly DNA Sequence

...TGG-AAC-CAA

• UCC-TTC-GTT

• ACC-TTG-GTT

• CAA-GGT-TGG

• ACC-UUG-GUU

What is the phenotype of the Labrador Retriever in the bottom right corner?

• Black

• Chocolate

• Yellow

What is the phenotype of the Labrador Retriever that would be found in the bottom left corner?

• Black

• Chocolate

• Yellow