V - shaped valleys and waterfalls

What is the landform you see in this photograph?

• waterfall

• plunge pool

• rift valley

• v-shaped valley

Which of the following photos shows a waterfall?

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What is the correct order of the formation of a V-shaped valley?

(1)Water erodes downwards as load rubs against the bed

(2)Loose rock materials fall down the slope under gravity or are washed into the river by rainwater

(3)River valley becomes deeper and a narrow V-shaped valley is formed.

(4)Rocks on the steep valley sides are slowly broken down by weathering

• (1)-->(2)-->(3)-->(4)

• (1)-->(3)-->(2)-->(4)

• (1)-->(3)-->(4)-->(2)

• (2)-->(3)-->(1)-->(4)

Which of the following statements about V-shaped valleys is/are correct?

• They are usually located only at the upper course of a river because discharge is small, which limits lateral erosion and allows only vertical erosion.

• The top of the valley is wider due to collapsing of rock material caused by weathering and gravitational pull.

• It is a depositional landform.

• They are found at the lower course of the river where discharge is high and there is plenty of river energy for erosion.

Which types of fluvial erosion are dominant in forming a waterfall?

• Hydraulic action

• Attrition

• Abrasion

• Corrosion

Look at the diagram. Which of the following is the correct match in terms of the type of rocks in the formation of a waterfall?

• A = resistant rock; B = less resistant rock

• A = less resistant; B = resistant rock

• A = less resistant rock; B = less resistant rock

• A = resistant rock; B = resistant rock