Anxiety Disorders

A panic attack can occur at anytime even in the absence of a stimulus.

• True

• False

Anxiety disorders can become a pathological disorder when feelings of apprehension and fear __________.

• are recurrent for less than six months

• are inherited due to genetics

• become excessive, uncontrollable, and affect daily life

• are controllable but excessive

Signs of having a phobia include, but are not limited to, __________.

• irritability and a consistent interruption of sleep patterns

• a persistent fear of nonthreatening situations interrupting daily life

• unwanted obsessions that rarely interrupt daily life

• constant headaches and interrupted sleep patterns

The term serotoninergic refers to a neurotransmitter that releases a hormone in response to physical or mental stress.

• True

• False

Eric does not accept invitations to go skiing due to a childhood experience of being buried in an avalanche while visiting relatives in the mountains. Eric is maintaining his fear of skiing through __________.

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• preparedness

• observational learning

Cherie is walking to her car late at night and notices a man following her. Cherie feels threatened and her heart rate and breathing speed up due to a release of __________ stimulating her __________.

• norepinephrine . . . fight-or-flight response

• serotonin . . . serotoninergic release

• GABA . . . fight-or-flight response

• hormones . . . anxiety sensitivity

Biological causes of an anxiety disorder include, but are not limited to, __________.

• genetic influences and chemical imbalances in the brain

• anxiety sensitivity and pairing neutral stimuli to frightening stimuli

• our evolutionary history of historically frightening stimuli

• our capacity of observing, retaining, and replicating behavior

When Gina was 5 years old, she was attacked by a vicious dog. Years later, every time she hears a dog bark, her heart races. This could be an example of __________.

• a chemical imbalance

• observational learning

• conditioning

• heredity

The persistent, irrational fear and guilt that one’s thoughts may somehow bring harm to loved ones is an example of __________ disorder.

• obsessive-compulsive

• phobic

• posttraumatic stress

• generalized anxiety

The disorder where one is fearful of public spaces and leaving the comfort of one’s own home is __________.

• acrophobia

• coulrophobia

• claustrophobia

• agoraphobia