Learning, Memory, and Intelligence test

Which of the following types of test is designed to measure a person's knowledge of a subject?

• Achievement

• Attitude

• Aptitude

• Projective

• Interest inventory

Which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence?

• Reciting the names of all the continents in the world without looking at a map

• Identifying the author of a very famous novel

• Using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle

• Giving an adequate definition of a difficult word

• Recognizing a piece of classical music

Which of the following statements describes the Flynn effect?

• Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in the United States were higher in 2003 than in 1993.

• IQ scores in the United States were lower in 1999 than in 1989.

• Children who attend Head Start programs show short-term gains in IQ scores.

• There is no statistically significant relationship between IQ scores and creativity.

• People may earn higher scores when they are told the test is a personality assessment rather than an intelligence test.

The use of tokens in token economies is an example of which of the following types of reinforcement?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Negative

• Positive

• Aversive

In a classic study, a group of rats learned to run through a maze to obtain food, and another group of rats explored the maze without receiving food. Some time later, the researcher compared the two groups of rats to determine if both groups would find the food at the end of the maze. According to the researcher, the untrained rats found the food at the end of the maze as quickly as the trained rats as a result of

• Latent learning

• Observational learning

• Avoidance learning

• Counterconditioning

• Aversive conditioning

Tyler ate a cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant for dinner, and he was awake all night feeling sick. Now, just thinking about eating any fast food makes him feel nauseous, and he is certain that he will never want to eat it again. Tyler’s aversion to fast food can best be explained by

• Shaping

• Extinction

• Spontaneous recovery

• Stimulus generalization

• Latent learning

When a list is learned in order, the words most likely to be forgotten are those that are

• At the beginning of the list

• At the end of the list

• In the middle of the list

• Hardest to pronounce

• Easiest to spell

On individual intelligence tests such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales, an IQ of 100 indicates that the test taker

• correctly answered all of the items on the test

• obtained the highest scores in the standardization sample

• scored at the average level for test takers of the same age

• scored above the level of the average American adult

• took as long as the average test taker to answer the test items

To stop his uncle’s constant requests, Jimmy takes out the garbage. This makes him more likely to take out the garbage in the future. Jimmy’s behavior is being controlled by which of the following types of reinforcement?

• Intermittent

• Positive

• Negative

• Vicarious

• Delayed

When Lois looks at her wedding pictures, she has vivid memories of the early years of her marriage. The pictures serve as

• encoding devices

• Iconic memories

• Implicit memories

• Retrieval cues

• Semantic cues