Reconstruction Test

After the Civil War, a significant cause of the conflict between President Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans in Congress was disagreement over

• the plans for restoring Southern states to the Union

• a proposal to repeal the Emancipation

  Proclamation

• reduction of the army and the navy to prewar levels

• congressional efforts to pay the Confederate war debt

Base your answer to question on the table below and on your knowledge of social studies.

– United States Senate Library (adapted)

Which statement is most clearly supported by the information provided in the table?

• George Washington vetoed all the bills that were sent to him.

• Andrew Jackson was the first president to use the veto power.

• Abraham Lincoln was too occupied with the Civil War to oppose Congress.

• Andrew Johnson faced the most effective opposition from Congress.

Base your answer to the following question on the quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

– Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address,

March 4, 1865

This statement reveals President Lincoln's support for

• a new peace treaty with Great Britain

• universal male suffrage

• a fair and generous peace

• harsh punishment for Confederate leaders

Why did the Radical Republicans in Congress oppose President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction?

• he called for the imprisonment of most

  Confederate leaders

• he rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South

• he planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the war

• he demanded immediate civil and political rights for formerly enslaved persons

Base your answer to the following question on the speaker's statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A: "Secession from the Union caused this

war, and all those who supported it must now be

punished."

Speaker B: "The nation's wounds will heal most

quickly if we forgive the Southerners and welcome them back into the Union."

Speaker C: "The freedmen must be given economic assistance and guaranteed the constitutional right to protect themselves."

Speaker D: "The war may have ended, but the fight must continue to preserve the system of white

supremacy in the South."

Which speakers best represent the attitudes of the

Radical Republicans who controlled Congress during Reconstruction'?

• A and D

• A and C

• B and C

• B and D

What was a major result of the Reconstruction

Period?

• The political and economic rights of women

  were expanded and strengthened.

• The power of the states increased at the expense of the Federal Government.

• Racial segregation in United States schools

  ended.

• The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were

  added to the United States Constitution.

The Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v.

Sanford was nullified by the passage of the

• Kansas-Nebraska Act

• 13th and 14th amendments

• Compromise of 1850

• Reconstruction Act

Base your answer to the next question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the Untied States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

– 14th amendment, Section 1, United States Constitution

This amendment was adopted in 1868 primarily to

• protect the rights of formerly enslaved persons

• make it easier for immigrants to become citizens

• extend suffrage to settlers on the Great Plains

• require the federal government to pay the costs of Reconstruction

The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the

• Compromise of 1850

• Emancipation Proclamation of 1863

• creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865

• ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865

Which statement best describes the status of African Americans immediately after the end of

Reconstruction in 1877?

• Most African Americans held factory jobs in urban areas.

• Most African Americans were able to take advantage of educational opportunities at

  colleges.

• Despite the passage of several constitutional amendments, African Americans found that gaining equal rights was very difficult.

• Political rights for African Americans were guaranteed in the South, but restrictions and discrimination increased in the North.